03.02 Awareness and Training

Statement

• a. Provide security literacy training to system users:

  • 01. As part of initial training for new users and {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.01 }} thereafter,

  • 02. When required by system changes or following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.02 }}, and

  • 03. On recognizing and reporting indicators of insider threat, social engineering, and social mining.

• b. Update security literacy training content {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.03 }} and following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.04 }}.

Guidance

Organizations provide basic and advanced levels of security literacy training to system users (including managers, senior executives, system administrators, and contractors) and measures to test the knowledge level of users. Organizations determine the content of literacy training based on specific organizational requirements, the systems to which personnel have authorized access, and work environments (e.g., telework). The content includes an understanding of the need for security and the actions required of users to maintain security and respond to incidents. The content also addresses the need for operations security and the handling of CUI. Security awareness techniques include displaying posters, offering supplies inscribed with security reminders, generating email advisories or notices from organizational officials, displaying logon screen messages, and conducting awareness events using podcasts, videos, and webinars. Security literacy training is conducted at a frequency consistent with applicable laws, directives, regulations, and policies. Updating literacy training content on a regular basis ensures that the content remains relevant. Events that may precipitate an update to literacy training content include assessment or audit findings, security incidents or breaches, or changes in applicable laws, Executive Orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines. Potential indicators and possible precursors of insider threats include behaviors such as inordinate, long-term job dissatisfaction; attempts to gain access to information that is not required for job performance; unexplained access to financial resources; sexual harassment or bullying of fellow employees; workplace violence; and other serious violations of the policies, procedures, rules, directives, or practices of organizations. Organizations may consider tailoring insider threat awareness topics to roles (e.g., training for managers may be focused on specific changes in the behavior of team members, while training for employees may be focused on more general observations). Social engineering is an attempt to deceive an individual into revealing information or taking an action that can be used to breach, compromise, or otherwise adversely impact a system. Social engineering includes phishing, pretexting, impersonation, baiting, quid pro quo, threadjacking, social media exploitation, and tailgating. Social mining is an attempt to gather information about the organization that may be used to support future attacks. Security literacy training includes how to communicate employee and management concerns regarding potential indicators of insider threat and potential and actual instances of social engineering and data mining through appropriate organizational channels in accordance with established policies and procedures.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users as part of initial training for new users.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.01 }} after initial training.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users when required by system changes or following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.02 }}.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users on recognizing indicators of insider threat.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users on reporting indicators of insider threat.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users on recognizing indicators of social engineering.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users on reporting indicators of social engineering.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users on recognizing indicators of social mining.

Assessment objective

security literacy training is provided to system users on reporting indicators of social mining.

Assessment objective

security literacy training content is updated {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.03 }}.

Assessment objective

security literacy training content is updated following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.01.ODP.04 }}.

Assessment method

• security literacy training and awareness policy and procedures procedures for security literacy training and awareness implementation codes of federal regulations security literacy and awareness training curriculum security literacy and awareness training materials training records system security plan other relevant documents or records

Assessment method

• personnel with responsibilities for security literacy training and awareness personnel comprising the general system user community personnel with information security responsibilities

Assessment method

• mechanisms for managing information security literacy training and awareness

Statement

• a. Provide role-based security training to organizational personnel:

  • 01. Before authorizing access to the system or CUI, before performing assigned duties, and {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.01 }} thereafter

  • 02. When required by system changes or following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.02 }}.

• b. Update role-based training content {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.03 }} and following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.04 }}.

Guidance

Organizations determine the content and frequency of security training based on the assigned duties, roles, and responsibilities of individuals and the security requirements of the systems to which personnel have authorized access. In addition, organizations provide system developers, enterprise architects, security architects, software developers, systems integrators, acquisition/procurement officials, system and network administrators, personnel conducting configuration management and auditing activities, personnel performing independent verification and validation, security assessors, and personnel with access to system-level software with security-related technical training specifically tailored for their assigned duties. Comprehensive role-based training addresses management, operational, and technical roles and responsibilities that cover physical, personnel, and technical controls. Such training can include policies, procedures, tools, and artifacts for the security roles defined. Organizations also provide the training necessary for individuals to carry out their responsibilities related to operations and supply chain security within the context of organizational information security programs.

Assessment objective

role-based security training is provided to organizational personnel before authorizing access to the system or CUI.

Assessment objective

role-based security training is provided to organizational personnel before performing assigned duties.

Assessment objective

role-based security training is provided to organizational personnel {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.01 }} after initial training.

Assessment objective

role-based security training is provided to organizational personnel when required by system changes or following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.02 }}.

Assessment objective

role-based security training content is updated {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.03 }}.

Assessment objective

role-based security training content is updated following {{ insert: param, A.03.02.02.ODP.04 }}.

Assessment method

• security awareness and training policy and procedures procedures for security training implementation codes of federal regulations security training curriculum security training materials training records system security plan other relevant documents or records

Assessment method

• personnel with responsibilities for role-based security training personnel with assigned system security roles and responsibilities

Assessment method

• mechanisms for managing role-based security training and awareness