CHAPTER 10 Final provisions

Article 23

Every four years, on the first occasion no later than 31 December 2013, the Commission shall submit a report to the European Parliament and the Council on the application of this Directive, including appropriate information on developments in the sector, particularly concerning economic, social, employment patterns and technological aspects, as well as on quality of service. The report shall be accompanied, where appropriate, by proposals to the European Parliament and the Council.

Article 23a

The Commission shall provide assistance to the Member States on the implementation of this Directive, including on the calculation of any net cost of the universal service.

Article 28

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.