+Operations
---+O-IM Incident Management
------+O-IM-A Stream A: Incident Detection
---------+O-IM-1-A Use best-effort incident detection
---------+O-IM-2-A Define an incident detection process
---------+O-IM-3-A Improve the incident detection process
------+O-IM-B Stream B: Incident Response
---------+O-IM-1-B Create an incident response plan
---------+O-IM-2-B Define an incident response process
---------+O-IM-3-B Establish an incident response team
---+O-EM Environment Management
------+O-EM-A Stream A: Configuration Hardening
---------+O-EM-1-A Use best-effort hardening
---------+O-EM-2-A Establish hardening baselines
---------+O-EM-3-A Perform continuous configuration monitoring
------+O-EM-B Stream B: Patching and Updating
---------+O-EM-1-B Practice best-effort patching
---------+O-EM-2-B Formalize patch management
---------+O-EM-3-B Enforce timely patch management
---+O-OM Operational Management
------+O-OM-A Stream A: Data Protection
---------+O-OM-1-A Organize basic data protections
---------+O-OM-2-A Establish a data catalog
---------+O-OM-3-A Respond to data breaches
------+O-OM-B Stream B: System Decommissioning / Legacy Management
---------+O-OM-1-B Identify unused applications
---------+O-OM-2-B Formalize decommissioning process
---------+O-OM-3-B Review application lifecycle state regularly
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Operations
The Operations Business Function encompasses those activities necessary to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and availability are maintained throughout the operational lifetime of an application and its associated data. Increased maturity with regard to this Business Function provides greater assurance that the organization is resilient in the face of operational disruptions, and responsive to changes in the operational landscape.
1. Oversigt
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Standard |
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O-IM Incident Management
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Short description: This practice addresses activities carried out to improve the organization's detection of, and response to, security incidents. Once your organization has applications in operation, you are likely to face security incidents. In this model, we define a security incident as a breach, or the threat of an imminent breach, of at least one asset's security goals, whether due to malicious or negligent behavior. Examples of security incidents might include: a successful Denial of Service (DoS) attack against a cloud application, an application user accessing private data of another by abusing a security vulnerability, or an attacker modifying application source code. The Incident Management (IM) practice focuses on dealing with these in your organization. Historically, many security incidents have been detected months, or even years, after the initial breach. During the "dwell time" before an incident is detected, significant damage can occur, increasing the difficulty of recovery. Our first activity stream, Incident Detection, focuses on decreasing that dwell time. Once you have identified that you are suffering from a security incident, it's essential to respond in a disciplined, thorough manner to limit the damage, and return to normal operations as efficiently as possible. This is the focus of our second stream.
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O-EM Environment Management
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Short description: This practice describes proactive activities carried out to improve and maintain the security of the environments in which the organization's applications operate. The organization's work on application security doesn't end once the application becomes operational. New security features and patches are regularly released for the various elements of the technology stack you're using, until they become obsolete or are no longer supported. Most of the technologies in any application stack are not secure by default. This is frequently intentional, to enhance backwards compatibility or ease of setup. For this reason, ensuring the secure operation of the organization's technology stack requires the consistent application of secure baseline configurations to all components. The Environment Management (EM) practice focuses on keeping your environment clean and secure. Vulnerabilities are discovered throughout the lifecycles of the technologies on which your organization relies, and new versions addressing them are released on various schedules. This makes it essential to monitor vulnerability reports and perform orderly, timely patching across all affected systems.
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O-OM Operational Management
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Short description: This practice focuses on operational support activities required to maintain security throughout the product lifecycle. The Operational Management (OM) practice focuses on activities to ensure security is maintained throughout operational support functions. Although these functions are not performed directly by an application, the overall security of the application and its data depends on their proper performance. Deploying an application on an unsupported operating system with unpatched vulnerabilities, or failing to store backup media securely, can make the protections built into that application irrelevant. The functions covered by this practice include, but are not limited to: system provisioning, administration, and decommissioning; database provisioning and administration; and data backup, restore, and archival.
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1.1 Referencer
1.2 Identificerede krav
1.3 Relaterede reguleringer
2. Identificerede krav
3. Relaterede reguleringer
Reguleringer
| Kilde |
Regulering |
- OWASP -
EN: Publications of the OWASP Foundation, https://owasp.org/. OWASP® is a registered trademark of the OWASP Foundation, Inc.; GRCA is not affiliated with, nor endorsed by, the OWASP Foundation. Only the versions published by OWASP are authoritative. - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS) 5.0.0, May 2025, from OWASP/ASVS: © 2008-2025 The OWASP Foundation, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes: divided into sections and converted into the GRCA format, the wording unchanged. These adaptations are shared under CC BY-SA 4.0 as well.
- OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard (MASVS) v2.1.0, January 2024, from OWASP/masvs: © The OWASP Foundation, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes: converted into the GRCA format, the wording unchanged. These adaptations are shared under CC BY-SA 4.0 as well.
- OWASP Mobile Application Security Weakness Enumeration (MASWE) v1.0.0, August 2026, from OWASP/maswe: © The OWASP Foundation, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes: converted into the GRCA format, the wording unchanged, linked to the MASVS controls they map to. These adaptations are shared under CC BY-SA 4.0 as well.
- OWASP Mobile Application Security Testing Guide (MASTG) v2.0.0, June 2026, from OWASP/mastg: © The OWASP Foundation, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. The tests and best practices only, without code samples, images, tools or apps. Changes: converted into the GRCA format, the wording unchanged; references to other pages of the MASTG as links to mas.owasp.org; the weakness of each test in the numbering of MASWE v1 and linked to it. These adaptations are shared under CC BY-SA 4.0 as well.
- OWASP Software Assurance Maturity Model (SAMM) v2.2.0, July 2026, from owaspsamm/core: © The OWASP Foundation, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Changes: converted into the GRCA format, the wording unchanged; short codes (G-SM-1-A) built from the model, the assessment questions as assessment procedures of their activities. These adaptations are shared under CC BY-SA 4.0 as well.
- OWASP Top 10:2025, from OWASP/Top10: © 2003-2025 The OWASP® Foundation, Inc., licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. The ten categories, without the icons. Changes: converted into the GRCA format, the wording unchanged. These adaptations are shared under CC BY-SA 4.0 as well. The names of the mapped CWEs (Common Weakness Enumeration): © 2006–2026 The MITRE Corporation. License: The MITRE Corporation hereby grants you a non-exclusive, royalty-free license to use CWE for research, development, and commercial purposes. Any copy you make for such purposes is authorized on the condition that you reproduce MITRE’s copyright designation and this license in any such copy. See the CWE Terms of Use. CWE™ is a trademark of The MITRE Corporation.
DE: Veröffentlichungen der OWASP Foundation, https://owasp.org/. OWASP® ist eine eingetragene Marke der OWASP Foundation, Inc.; GRCA steht in keiner Verbindung zur OWASP Foundation und wird von ihr nicht unterstützt. Maßgeblich sind allein die von OWASP veröffentlichten Fassungen. - OWASP Application Security Verification Standard (ASVS) 5.0.0, Mai 2025, aus OWASP/ASVS: © 2008-2025 The OWASP Foundation, lizenziert unter CC BY-SA 4.0. Änderungen: in Abschnitte aufgeteilt und in das GRCA-Format umgewandelt, der Wortlaut unverändert. Diese Bearbeitungen stehen ebenfalls unter CC BY-SA 4.0.
- OWASP Mobile Application Security Verification Standard (MASVS) v2.1.0, Januar 2024, aus OWASP/masvs: © The OWASP Foundation, lizenziert unter CC BY-SA 4.0. Änderungen: in das GRCA-Format umgewandelt, der Wortlaut unverändert. Diese Bearbeitungen stehen ebenfalls unter CC BY-SA 4.0.
- OWASP Mobile Application Security Weakness Enumeration (MASWE) v1.0.0, August 2026, aus OWASP/maswe: © The OWASP Foundation, lizenziert unter CC BY-SA 4.0. Änderungen: in das GRCA-Format umgewandelt, der Wortlaut unverändert, mit den MASVS-Controls verknüpft, denen sie zugeordnet sind. Diese Bearbeitungen stehen ebenfalls unter CC BY-SA 4.0.
- OWASP Mobile Application Security Testing Guide (MASTG) v2.0.0, Juni 2026, aus OWASP/mastg: © The OWASP Foundation, lizenziert unter CC BY-SA 4.0. Nur die Tests und Best Practices, ohne Codebeispiele, Bilder, Werkzeuge und Apps. Änderungen: in das GRCA-Format umgewandelt, der Wortlaut unverändert; Verweise auf andere Seiten des MASTG als Links zu mas.owasp.org; die Schwachstelle jedes Tests in der Nummerierung der MASWE v1 und mit ihr verknüpft. Diese Bearbeitungen stehen ebenfalls unter CC BY-SA 4.0.
- OWASP Software Assurance Maturity Model (SAMM) v2.2.0, Juli 2026, aus owaspsamm/core: © The OWASP Foundation, lizenziert unter CC BY-SA 4.0. Änderungen: in das GRCA-Format umgewandelt, der Wortlaut unverändert; Kürzel (G-SM-1-A) aus dem Modell gebildet, die Assessment-Fragen als Prüfverfahren ihrer Aktivitäten. Diese Bearbeitungen stehen ebenfalls unter CC BY-SA 4.0.
- OWASP Top 10:2025, aus OWASP/Top10: © 2003-2025 The OWASP® Foundation, Inc., lizenziert unter CC BY-SA 4.0. Die zehn Kategorien, ohne die Symbole. Änderungen: in das GRCA-Format umgewandelt, der Wortlaut unverändert. Diese Bearbeitungen stehen ebenfalls unter CC BY-SA 4.0. Die Namen der zugeordneten CWEs (Common Weakness Enumeration): © 2006–2026 The MITRE Corporation. MITRE erlaubt die Nutzung für Forschung, Entwicklung und kommerzielle Zwecke, wenn jede Kopie den Urheberrechtsvermerk und die Lizenz enthält; maßgeblich ist der englische Wortlaut der Lizenz oben und die CWE Terms of Use. CWE™ ist eine Marke der MITRE Corporation.
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