+PM Program Management
---+PM-01 Information Security Program Plan
---+PM-02 Information Security Program Leadership Role
---+PM-03 Information Security and Privacy Resources
---+PM-04 Plan of Action and Milestones Process
---+PM-05 System Inventory
------+PM-05(01) Inventory of Personally Identifiable Information
---+PM-06 Measures of Performance
---+PM-07 Enterprise Architecture
------+PM-07(01) Offloading
---+PM-08 Critical Infrastructure Plan
---+PM-09 Risk Management Strategy
---+PM-10 Authorization Process
---+PM-11 Mission and Business Process Definition
---+PM-12 Insider Threat Program
---+PM-13 Security and Privacy Workforce
---+PM-14 Testing, Training, and Monitoring
---+PM-15 Security and Privacy Groups and Associations
---+PM-16 Threat Awareness Program
------+PM-16(01) Automated Means for Sharing Threat Intelligence
---+PM-17 Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information on External Systems
---+PM-18 Privacy Program Plan
---+PM-19 Privacy Program Leadership Role
---+PM-20 Dissemination of Privacy Program Information
------+PM-20(01) Privacy Policies on Websites, Applications, and Digital Services
---+PM-21 Accounting of Disclosures
---+PM-22 Personally Identifiable Information Quality Management
---+PM-23 Data Governance Body
---+PM-24 Data Integrity Board
---+PM-25 Minimization of Personally Identifiable Information Used in Testing, Training, and Research
---+PM-26 Complaint Management
---+PM-27 Privacy Reporting
---+PM-28 Risk Framing
---+PM-29 Risk Management Program Leadership Roles
---+PM-30 Supply Chain Risk Management Strategy
------+PM-30(01) Suppliers of Critical or Mission-essential Items
---+PM-31 Continuous Monitoring Strategy
---+PM-32 Purposing
|
PM Program Management
Program Management
1. Oversigt
| Titel |
Standard |
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PM-01 Information Security Program Plan
|
Control
- Develop and disseminate an organization-wide information security program plan that:
- Provides an overview of the requirements for the security program and a description of the security program management controls and common controls in place or planned for meeting those requirements;
- Includes the identification and assignment of roles, responsibilities, management commitment, coordination among organizational entities, and compliance;
- Reflects the coordination among organizational entities responsible for information security; and
- Is approved by a senior official with responsibility and accountability for the risk being incurred to organizational operations (including mission, functions, image, and reputation), organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- Review and update the organization-wide information security program plan [Assignement: frequency] and following [Assignement: events] ; and
- Protect the information security program plan from unauthorized disclosure and modification.
Discussion
An information security program plan is a formal document that provides an overview of the security requirements for an organization-wide information security program and describes the program management controls and common controls in place or planned for meeting those requirements. An information security program plan can be represented in a single document or compilations of documents. Privacy program plans and supply chain risk management plans are addressed separately in [PM-18](#pm-18) and [SR-2](#sr-2) , respectively.
An information security program plan documents implementation details about program management and common controls. The plan provides sufficient information about the controls (including specification of parameters for assignment and selection operations, explicitly or by reference) to enable implementations that are unambiguously compliant with the intent of the plan and a determination of the risk to be incurred if the plan is implemented as intended. Updates to information security program plans include organizational changes and problems identified during plan implementation or control assessments.
Program management controls may be implemented at the organization level or the mission or business process level, and are essential for managing the organization’s information security program. Program management controls are distinct from common, system-specific, and hybrid controls because program management controls are independent of any particular system. Together, the individual system security plans and the organization-wide information security program plan provide complete coverage for the security controls employed within the organization.
Common controls available for inheritance by organizational systems are documented in an appendix to the organization’s information security program plan unless the controls are included in a separate security plan for a system. The organization-wide information security program plan indicates which separate security plans contain descriptions of common controls.
Events that may precipitate an update to the information security program plan include, but are not limited to, organization-wide assessment or audit findings, security incidents or breaches, or changes in laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines.
Assessment Objective
- an organization-wide information security program plan is developed;
- the information security program plan is disseminated;
- the information security program plan provides an overview of the requirements for the security program;
- the information security program plan provides a description of the security program management controls in place or planned for meeting those requirements;
- the information security program plan provides a description of the common controls in place or planned for meeting those requirements;
- the information security program plan includes the identification and assignment of roles;
- the information security program plan includes the identification and assignment of responsibilities;
- the information security program plan addresses management commitment;
- the information security program plan addresses coordination among organizational entities;
- the information security program plan addresses compliance;
- the information security program plan reflects the coordination among the organizational entities responsible for information security;
- the information security program plan is approved by a senior official with responsibility and accountability for the risk being incurred to organizational operations (including mission, functions, image, and reputation), organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- the information security program plan is reviewed and updated [Assignement: frequency];
- the information security program plan is reviewed and updated following [Assignement: events];
- the information security program plan is protected from unauthorized disclosure;
- the information security program plan is protected from unauthorized modification.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
procedures addressing program plan development and implementation
procedures addressing program plan reviews and updates
procedures addressing coordination of the program plan with relevant entities
procedures for program plan approvals
records of program plan reviews and updates
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
|
|
PM-02 Information Security Program Leadership Role
|
Control
Appoint a senior agency information security officer with the mission and resources to coordinate, develop, implement, and maintain an organization-wide information security program.
Discussion
The senior agency information security officer is an organizational official. For federal agencies (as defined by applicable laws, executive orders, regulations, directives, policies, and standards), this official is the senior agency information security officer. Organizations may also refer to this official as the senior information security officer or chief information security officer.
Assessment Objective
- a senior agency information security officer is appointed;
- the senior agency information security officer is provided with the mission and resources to coordinate an organization-wide information security program;
- the senior agency information security officer is provided with the mission and resources to develop an organization-wide information security program;
- the senior agency information security officer is provided with the mission and resources to implement an organization-wide information security program;
- the senior agency information security officer is provided with the mission and resources to maintain an organization-wide information security program.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
procedures addressing program plan development and implementation
procedures addressing program plan reviews and updates
procedures addressing coordination of the program plan with relevant entities
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
senior information security officer
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
|
|
PM-03 Information Security and Privacy Resources
|
Control
- Include the resources needed to implement the information security and privacy programs in capital planning and investment requests and document all exceptions to this requirement;
- Prepare documentation required for addressing information security and privacy programs in capital planning and investment requests in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards; and
- Make available for expenditure, the planned information security and privacy resources.
Discussion
Organizations consider establishing champions for information security and privacy and, as part of including the necessary resources, assign specialized expertise and resources as needed. Organizations may designate and empower an Investment Review Board or similar group to manage and provide oversight for the information security and privacy aspects of the capital planning and investment control process.
Assessment Objective
- the resources needed to implement the information security program are included in capital planning and investment requests, and all exceptions are documented;
- the resources needed to implement the privacy program are included in capital planning and investment requests, and all exceptions are documented;
- the documentation required for addressing the information security program in capital planning and investment requests is prepared in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards;
- the documentation required for addressing the privacy program in capital planning and investment requests is prepared in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards;
- information security resources are made available for expenditure as planned;
- privacy resources are made available for expenditure as planned.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
Exhibit 300
Exhibit 53
business cases for capital planning and investment
procedures for capital planning and investment
documentation of exceptions to capital planning requirements
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security program planning responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy program planning responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for capital planning and investment
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-04 Plan of Action and Milestones Process
|
Control
- Implement a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the information security, privacy, and supply chain risk management programs and associated organizational systems:
- Are developed and maintained;
- Document the remedial information security, privacy, and supply chain risk management actions to adequately respond to risk to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation; and
- Are reported in accordance with established reporting requirements.
- Review plans of action and milestones for consistency with the organizational risk management strategy and organization-wide priorities for risk response actions.
Discussion
The plan of action and milestones is a key organizational document and is subject to reporting requirements established by the Office of Management and Budget. Organizations develop plans of action and milestones with an organization-wide perspective, prioritizing risk response actions and ensuring consistency with the goals and objectives of the organization. Plan of action and milestones updates are based on findings from control assessments and continuous monitoring activities. There can be multiple plans of action and milestones corresponding to the information system level, mission/business process level, and organizational/governance level. While plans of action and milestones are required for federal organizations, other types of organizations can help reduce risk by documenting and tracking planned remediations. Specific guidance on plans of action and milestones at the system level is provided in [CA-5](#ca-5).
Assessment Objective
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the information security program and associated organizational systems are developed;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the information security program and associated organizational systems are maintained;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the privacy program and associated organizational systems are developed;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the privacy program and associated organizational systems are maintained;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the supply chain risk management program and associated organizational systems are developed;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the supply chain risk management program and associated organizational systems are maintained;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the information security program and associated organizational systems document remedial information security risk management actions to adequately respond to risks to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the privacy program and associated organizational systems document remedial privacy risk management actions to adequately respond to risks to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the supply chain risk management program and associated organizational systems document remedial supply chain risk management actions to adequately respond to risks to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the information security risk management programs and associated organizational systems are reported in accordance with established reporting requirements;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the privacy risk management programs and associated organizational systems are reported in accordance with established reporting requirements;
- a process to ensure that plans of action and milestones for the supply chain risk management programs and associated organizational systems are reported in accordance with established reporting requirements;
- plans of action and milestones are reviewed for consistency with the organizational risk management strategy;
- plans of action and milestones are reviewed for consistency with organization-wide priorities for risk response actions.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
plans of action and milestones
procedures addressing plans of action and milestones development and maintenance
procedures addressing plans of action and milestones reporting
procedures for reviewing plans of action and milestones for consistency with risk management strategy and risk response priorities
results of risk assessments associated with plans of action and milestones
OMB FISMA reporting requirements
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with responsibilities for developing, maintaining, reviewing, and reporting plans of action and milestones
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
|
|
PM-05 System Inventory
|
Control
Develop and update [Assignement: frequency] an inventory of organizational systems.
Discussion
[OMB A-130](#27847491-5ce1-4f6a-a1e4-9e483782f0ef) provides guidance on developing systems inventories and associated reporting requirements. System inventory refers to an organization-wide inventory of systems, not system components as described in [CM-8](#cm-8).
Assessment Objective
- an inventory of organizational systems is developed;
- the inventory of organizational systems is updated [Assignement: frequency].
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
system inventory
procedures addressing system inventory development and maintenance
OMB FISMA reporting guidance
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for developing and maintaining the system inventory
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
|
|
PM-06 Measures of Performance
|
Control
Develop, monitor, and report on the results of information security and privacy measures of performance.
Discussion
Measures of performance are outcome-based metrics used by an organization to measure the effectiveness or efficiency of the information security and privacy programs and the controls employed in support of the program. To facilitate security and privacy risk management, organizations consider aligning measures of performance with the organizational risk tolerance as defined in the risk management strategy.
Assessment Objective
- information security measures of performance are developed;
- information security measures of performance are monitored;
- the results of information security measures of performance are reported;
- privacy measures of performance are developed;
- privacy measures of performance are monitored;
- the results of privacy measures of performance are reported.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
information security measures of performance
privacy measures of performance
procedures addressing the development, monitoring, and reporting of information security and privacy measures of performance
risk management strategy
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for developing, monitoring, and reporting information security and privacy measures of performance
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-07 Enterprise Architecture
|
Control
Develop and maintain an enterprise architecture with consideration for information security, privacy, and the resulting risk to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation.
Discussion
The integration of security and privacy requirements and controls into the enterprise architecture helps to ensure that security and privacy considerations are addressed throughout the system development life cycle and are explicitly related to the organization’s mission and business processes. The process of security and privacy requirements integration also embeds into the enterprise architecture and the organization’s security and privacy architectures consistent with the organizational risk management strategy. For PM-7, security and privacy architectures are developed at a system-of-systems level, representing all organizational systems. For [PL-8](#pl-8) , the security and privacy architectures are developed at a level that represents an individual system. The system-level architectures are consistent with the security and privacy architectures defined for the organization. Security and privacy requirements and control integration are most effectively accomplished through the rigorous application of the Risk Management Framework [SP 800-37](#482e4c99-9dc4-41ad-bba8-0f3f0032c1f8) and supporting security standards and guidelines.
Assessment Objective
- an enterprise architecture is developed with consideration for information security;
- an enterprise architecture is maintained with consideration for information security;
- an enterprise architecture is developed with consideration for privacy;
- an enterprise architecture is maintained with consideration for privacy;
- an enterprise architecture is developed with consideration for the resulting risk to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- an enterprise architecture is maintained with consideration for the resulting risk to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
enterprise architecture documentation
procedures addressing enterprise architecture development
results of risk assessments of enterprise architecture
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for developing enterprise architecture
organizational personnel responsible for risk assessments of enterprise architecture
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-08 Critical Infrastructure Plan
|
Control
Address information security and privacy issues in the development, documentation, and updating of a critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan.
Discussion
Protection strategies are based on the prioritization of critical assets and resources. The requirement and guidance for defining critical infrastructure and key resources and for preparing an associated critical infrastructure protection plan are found in applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidelines.
Assessment Objective
- information security issues are addressed in the development of a critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan;
- information security issues are addressed in the documentation of a critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan;
- information security issues are addressed in the update of a critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan;
- privacy issues are addressed in the development of a critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan;
- privacy issues are addressed in the documentation of a critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan;
- privacy issues are addressed in the update of a critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan
procedures addressing the development, documentation, and updating of the critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan
HSPD 7
National Infrastructure Protection Plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for developing, documenting, and updating the critical infrastructure and key resources protection plan
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-09 Risk Management Strategy
|
Control
- Develops a comprehensive strategy to manage:
- Security risk to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation associated with the operation and use of organizational systems; and
- Privacy risk to individuals resulting from the authorized processing of personally identifiable information;
- Implement the risk management strategy consistently across the organization; and
- Review and update the risk management strategy [Assignement: frequency] or as required, to address organizational changes.
Discussion
An organization-wide risk management strategy includes an expression of the security and privacy risk tolerance for the organization, security and privacy risk mitigation strategies, acceptable risk assessment methodologies, a process for evaluating security and privacy risk across the organization with respect to the organization’s risk tolerance, and approaches for monitoring risk over time. The senior accountable official for risk management (agency head or designated official) aligns information security management processes with strategic, operational, and budgetary planning processes. The risk executive function, led by the senior accountable official for risk management, can facilitate consistent application of the risk management strategy organization-wide. The risk management strategy can be informed by security and privacy risk-related inputs from other sources, both internal and external to the organization, to ensure that the strategy is broad-based and comprehensive. The supply chain risk management strategy described in [PM-30](#pm-30) can also provide useful inputs to the organization-wide risk management strategy.
Assessment Objective
- a comprehensive strategy is developed to manage security risk to organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation associated with the operation and use of organizational systems;
- a comprehensive strategy is developed to manage privacy risk to individuals resulting from the authorized processing of personally identifiable information;
- the risk management strategy is implemented consistently across the organization;
- the risk management strategy is reviewed and updated [Assignement: frequency] or as required to address organizational changes.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
risk management strategy
supply chain risk management strategy
procedures addressing the development, implementation, review, and update of the risk management strategy
risk assessment results relevant to the risk management strategy
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for the development, implementation, review, and update of the risk management strategy
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-10 Authorization Process
|
Control
- Manage the security and privacy state of organizational systems and the environments in which those systems operate through authorization processes;
- Designate individuals to fulfill specific roles and responsibilities within the organizational risk management process; and
- Integrate the authorization processes into an organization-wide risk management program.
Discussion
Authorization processes for organizational systems and environments of operation require the implementation of an organization-wide risk management process and associated security and privacy standards and guidelines. Specific roles for risk management processes include a risk executive (function) and designated authorizing officials for each organizational system and common control provider. The authorization processes for the organization are integrated with continuous monitoring processes to facilitate ongoing understanding and acceptance of security and privacy risks to organizational operations, organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation.
Assessment Objective
- the security state of organizational systems and the environments in which those systems operate are managed through authorization processes;
- the privacy state of organizational systems and the environments in which those systems operate are managed through authorization processes;
- individuals are designated to fulfill specific roles and responsibilities within the organizational risk management process;
- the authorization processes are integrated into an organization-wide risk management program.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
procedures addressing management (i.e., documentation, tracking, and reporting) of the authorization process
assessment, authorization, and monitoring policy
assessment, authorization, and monitoring procedures
system authorization documentation
lists or other documentation about authorization process roles and responsibilities
risk assessment results relevant to the authorization process and the organization-wide risk management program
organizational risk management strategy
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for management of the authorization process
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-11 Mission and Business Process Definition
|
Control
- Define organizational mission and business processes with consideration for information security and privacy and the resulting risk to organizational operations, organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation; and
- Determine information protection and personally identifiable information processing needs arising from the defined mission and business processes; and
- Review and revise the mission and business processes [Assignement: frequency].
Discussion
Protection needs are technology-independent capabilities that are required to counter threats to organizations, individuals, systems, and the Nation through the compromise of information (i.e., loss of confidentiality, integrity, availability, or privacy). Information protection and personally identifiable information processing needs are derived from the mission and business needs defined by organizational stakeholders, the mission and business processes designed to meet those needs, and the organizational risk management strategy. Information protection and personally identifiable information processing needs determine the required controls for the organization and the systems. Inherent to defining protection and personally identifiable information processing needs is an understanding of the adverse impact that could result if a compromise or breach of information occurs. The categorization process is used to make such potential impact determinations. Privacy risks to individuals can arise from the compromise of personally identifiable information, but they can also arise as unintended consequences or a byproduct of the processing of personally identifiable information at any stage of the information life cycle. Privacy risk assessments are used to prioritize the risks that are created for individuals from system processing of personally identifiable information. These risk assessments enable the selection of the required privacy controls for the organization and systems. Mission and business process definitions and the associated protection requirements are documented in accordance with organizational policies and procedures.
Assessment Objective
- organizational mission and business processes are defined with consideration for information security;
- organizational mission and business processes are defined with consideration for privacy;
- organizational mission and business processes are defined with consideration for the resulting risk to organizational operations, organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- information protection needs arising from the defined mission and business processes are determined;
- personally identifiable information processing needs arising from the defined mission and business processes are determined;
- the mission and business processes are reviewed and revised [Assignement: frequency].
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
risk management strategy
procedures for determining mission and business protection needs
information security and privacy risk assessment results relevant to the determination of mission and business protection needs
personally identifiable information processing policy
personally identifiable information inventory
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for enterprise risk management
organizational personnel responsible for determining information protection needs for mission and business processes
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-12 Insider Threat Program
|
Control
Implement an insider threat program that includes a cross-discipline insider threat incident handling team.
Discussion
Organizations that handle classified information are required, under Executive Order 13587 [EO 13587](#0af071a6-cf8e-48ee-8c82-fe91efa20f94) and the National Insider Threat Policy [ODNI NITP](#06d74ea9-2178-449c-a9c5-b2980f804ac8) , to establish insider threat programs. The same standards and guidelines that apply to insider threat programs in classified environments can also be employed effectively to improve the security of controlled unclassified and other information in non-national security systems. Insider threat programs include controls to detect and prevent malicious insider activity through the centralized integration and analysis of both technical and nontechnical information to identify potential insider threat concerns. A senior official is designated by the department or agency head as the responsible individual to implement and provide oversight for the program. In addition to the centralized integration and analysis capability, insider threat programs require organizations to prepare department or agency insider threat policies and implementation plans, conduct host-based user monitoring of individual employee activities on government-owned classified computers, provide insider threat awareness training to employees, receive access to information from offices in the department or agency for insider threat analysis, and conduct self-assessments of department or agency insider threat posture.
Insider threat programs can leverage the existence of incident handling teams that organizations may already have in place, such as computer security incident response teams. Human resources records are especially important in this effort, as there is compelling evidence to show that some types of insider crimes are often preceded by nontechnical behaviors in the workplace, including ongoing patterns of disgruntled behavior and conflicts with coworkers and other colleagues. These precursors can guide organizational officials in more focused, targeted monitoring efforts. However, the use of human resource records could raise significant concerns for privacy. The participation of a legal team, including consultation with the senior agency official for privacy, ensures that monitoring activities are performed in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines.
Assessment Objective
an insider threat program that includes a cross-discipline insider threat incident handling team is implemented.
Assessment Method
Examine
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for the insider threat program
members of the cross-discipline insider threat incident handling team
legal counsel
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-13 Security and Privacy Workforce
|
Control
Establish a security and privacy workforce development and improvement program.
Discussion
Security and privacy workforce development and improvement programs include defining the knowledge, skills, and abilities needed to perform security and privacy duties and tasks; developing role-based training programs for individuals assigned security and privacy roles and responsibilities; and providing standards and guidelines for measuring and building individual qualifications for incumbents and applicants for security- and privacy-related positions. Such workforce development and improvement programs can also include security and privacy career paths to encourage security and privacy professionals to advance in the field and fill positions with greater responsibility. The programs encourage organizations to fill security- and privacy-related positions with qualified personnel. Security and privacy workforce development and improvement programs are complementary to organizational security awareness and training programs and focus on developing and institutionalizing the core security and privacy capabilities of personnel needed to protect organizational operations, assets, and individuals.
Assessment Objective
- a security workforce development and improvement program is established;
- a privacy workforce development and improvement program is established.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
information security and privacy workforce development and improvement program documentation
procedures for the information security and privacy workforce development and improvement program
information security and privacy role-based training program documentation
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for the information security and privacy workforce development and improvement program
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-14 Testing, Training, and Monitoring
|
Control
- Implement a process for ensuring that organizational plans for conducting security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities associated with organizational systems:
- Are developed and maintained; and
- Continue to be executed; and
- Review testing, training, and monitoring plans for consistency with the organizational risk management strategy and organization-wide priorities for risk response actions.
Discussion
A process for organization-wide security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring helps ensure that organizations provide oversight for testing, training, and monitoring activities and that those activities are coordinated. With the growing importance of continuous monitoring programs, the implementation of information security and privacy across the three levels of the risk management hierarchy and the widespread use of common controls, organizations coordinate and consolidate the testing and monitoring activities that are routinely conducted as part of ongoing assessments supporting a variety of controls. Security and privacy training activities, while focused on individual systems and specific roles, require coordination across all organizational elements. Testing, training, and monitoring plans and activities are informed by current threat and vulnerability assessments.
Assessment Objective
- a process is implemented for ensuring that organizational plans for conducting security testing, training, and monitoring activities associated with organizational systems are developed;
- a process is implemented for ensuring that organizational plans for conducting security testing, training, and monitoring activities associated with organizational systems are maintained;
- a process is implemented for ensuring that organizational plans for conducting privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities associated with organizational systems are developed;
- a process is implemented for ensuring that organizational plans for conducting privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities associated with organizational systems are maintained;
- a process is implemented for ensuring that organizational plans for conducting security testing, training, and monitoring activities associated with organizational systems continue to be executed;
- a process is implemented for ensuring that organizational plans for conducting privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities associated with organizational systems continue to be executed;
- testing plans are reviewed for consistency with the organizational risk management strategy;
- training plans are reviewed for consistency with the organizational risk management strategy;
- monitoring plans are reviewed for consistency with the organizational risk management strategy;
- testing plans are reviewed for consistency with organization-wide priorities for risk response actions;
- training plans are reviewed for consistency with organization-wide priorities for risk response actions;
- monitoring plans are reviewed for consistency with organization-wide priorities for risk response actions.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
plans for conducting security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities
organizational procedures addressing the development and maintenance of plans for conducting security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities
risk management strategy
procedures for the review of plans for conducting security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities for consistency with risk management strategy and risk response priorities
results of risk assessments associated with conducting security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities
documentation of the timely execution of plans for conducting security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with responsibilities for developing and maintaining plans for conducting security and privacy testing, training, and monitoring activities
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
|
|
PM-15 Security and Privacy Groups and Associations
|
Control
Establish and institutionalize contact with selected groups and associations within the security and privacy communities:- To facilitate ongoing security and privacy education and training for organizational personnel;
- To maintain currency with recommended security and privacy practices, techniques, and technologies; and
- To share current security and privacy information, including threats, vulnerabilities, and incidents.
Discussion
Ongoing contact with security and privacy groups and associations is important in an environment of rapidly changing technologies and threats. Groups and associations include special interest groups, professional associations, forums, news groups, users’ groups, and peer groups of security and privacy professionals in similar organizations. Organizations select security and privacy groups and associations based on mission and business functions. Organizations share threat, vulnerability, and incident information as well as contextual insights, compliance techniques, and privacy problems consistent with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidelines.
Assessment Objective
- contact is established and institutionalized with selected groups and associations within the security community to facilitate ongoing security education and training for organizational personnel;
- contact is established and institutionalized with selected groups and associations within the privacy community to facilitate ongoing privacy education and training for organizational personnel;
- contact is established and institutionalized with selected groups and associations within the security community to maintain currency with recommended security practices, techniques, and technologies;
- contact is established and institutionalized with selected groups and associations within the privacy community to maintain currency with recommended privacy practices, techniques, and technologies;
- contact is established and institutionalized with selected groups and associations within the security community to share current security information, including threats, vulnerabilities, and incidents;
- contact is established and institutionalized with selected groups and associations within the privacy community to share current privacy information, including threats, vulnerabilities, and incidents.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
risk management strategy
procedures for establishing and institutionalizing contacts with security and privacy groups and associations
lists or other records of contacts with and/or membership in security and privacy groups and associations
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for establishing and institutionalizing contact with security and privacy groups and associations
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
personnel from selected groups and associations with which the organization has established and institutionalized contact
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PM-16 Threat Awareness Program
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Control
Implement a threat awareness program that includes a cross-organization information-sharing capability for threat intelligence.
Discussion
Because of the constantly changing and increasing sophistication of adversaries, especially the advanced persistent threat (APT), it may be more likely that adversaries can successfully breach or compromise organizational systems. One of the best techniques to address this concern is for organizations to share threat information, including threat events (i.e., tactics, techniques, and procedures) that organizations have experienced, mitigations that organizations have found are effective against certain types of threats, and threat intelligence (i.e., indications and warnings about threats). Threat information sharing may be bilateral or multilateral. Bilateral threat sharing includes government-to-commercial and government-to-government cooperatives. Multilateral threat sharing includes organizations taking part in threat-sharing consortia. Threat information may require special agreements and protection, or it may be freely shared.
Assessment Objective
a threat awareness program that includes a cross-organization information-sharing capability for threat intelligence is implemented.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
threat awareness program policy
threat awareness program procedures
risk assessment results relevant to threat awareness
documentation about the cross-organization information-sharing capability
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security and privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel responsible for the threat awareness program
organizational personnel responsible for the cross-organization information-sharing capability
organizational personnel with information security and privacy responsibilities
external personnel with whom threat awareness information is shared by the organization
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PM-17 Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information on External Systems
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Control
- Establish policy and procedures to ensure that requirements for the protection of controlled unclassified information that is processed, stored or transmitted on external systems, are implemented in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards; and
- Review and update the policy and procedures [Assignement: organization-defined frequency].
Discussion
Controlled unclassified information is defined by the National Archives and Records Administration along with the safeguarding and dissemination requirements for such information and is codified in [32 CFR 2002](#91f992fb-f668-4c91-a50f-0f05b95ccee3) and, specifically for systems external to the federal organization, [32 CFR 2002.14h](https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2017-title32-vol6/xml/CFR-2017-title32-vol6-part2002.xml) . The policy prescribes the specific use and conditions to be implemented in accordance with organizational procedures, including via its contracting processes.
Assessment Objective
- policy is established to ensure that requirements for the protection of controlled unclassified information that is processed, stored, or transmitted on external systems are implemented in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards;
- procedures are established to ensure that requirements for the protection of controlled unclassified information that is processed, stored, or transmitted on external systems are implemented in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards;
- policy is reviewed and updated [Assignement: frequency];
- procedures are reviewed and updated [Assignement: frequency]
Assessment Method
Examine
Controlled unclassified information policy
controlled unclassified information procedures
other relevant documents or records.
Interview
Organizational personnel with controlled unclassified information responsibilities
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities.
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PM-18 Privacy Program Plan
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Control
- Develop and disseminate an organization-wide privacy program plan that provides an overview of the agency’s privacy program, and:
- Includes a description of the structure of the privacy program and the resources dedicated to the privacy program;
- Provides an overview of the requirements for the privacy program and a description of the privacy program management controls and common controls in place or planned for meeting those requirements;
- Includes the role of the senior agency official for privacy and the identification and assignment of roles of other privacy officials and staff and their responsibilities;
- Describes management commitment, compliance, and the strategic goals and objectives of the privacy program;
- Reflects coordination among organizational entities responsible for the different aspects of privacy; and
- Is approved by a senior official with responsibility and accountability for the privacy risk being incurred to organizational operations (including mission, functions, image, and reputation), organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation; and
- Update the plan [Assignement: frequency] and to address changes in federal privacy laws and policy and organizational changes and problems identified during plan implementation or privacy control assessments.
Discussion
A privacy program plan is a formal document that provides an overview of an organization’s privacy program, including a description of the structure of the privacy program, the resources dedicated to the privacy program, the role of the senior agency official for privacy and other privacy officials and staff, the strategic goals and objectives of the privacy program, and the program management controls and common controls in place or planned for meeting applicable privacy requirements and managing privacy risks. Privacy program plans can be represented in single documents or compilations of documents.
The senior agency official for privacy is responsible for designating which privacy controls the organization will treat as program management, common, system-specific, and hybrid controls. Privacy program plans provide sufficient information about the privacy program management and common controls (including the specification of parameters and assignment and selection operations explicitly or by reference) to enable control implementations that are unambiguously compliant with the intent of the plans and a determination of the risk incurred if the plans are implemented as intended.
Program management controls are generally implemented at the organization level and are essential for managing the organization’s privacy program. Program management controls are distinct from common, system-specific, and hybrid controls because program management controls are independent of any particular information system. Together, the privacy plans for individual systems and the organization-wide privacy program plan provide complete coverage for the privacy controls employed within the organization.
Common controls are documented in an appendix to the organization’s privacy program plan unless the controls are included in a separate privacy plan for a system. The organization-wide privacy program plan indicates which separate privacy plans contain descriptions of privacy controls.
Assessment Objective
- an organization-wide privacy program plan that provides an overview of the agency’s privacy program is developed;
- the privacy program plan includes a description of the structure of the privacy program;
- the privacy program plan includes a description of the resources dedicated to the privacy program;
- the privacy program plan provides an overview of the requirements for the privacy program;
- the privacy program plan provides a description of the privacy program management controls in place or planned for meeting the requirements of the privacy program;
- the privacy program plan provides a description of common controls in place or planned for meeting the requirements of the privacy program;
- the privacy program plan includes the role of the senior agency official for privacy;
- the privacy program plan includes the identification and assignment of the roles of other privacy officials and staff and their responsibilities;
- the privacy program plan describes management commitment;
- the privacy program plan describes compliance;
- the privacy program plan describes the strategic goals and objectives of the privacy program;
- the privacy program plan reflects coordination among organizational entities responsible for the different aspects of privacy;
- the privacy program plan is approved by a senior official with responsibility and accountability for the privacy risk being incurred by organizational operations (including, mission, functions, image, and reputation), organizational assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation;
- the privacy program plan is disseminated;
- the privacy program plan is updated [Assignement: frequency];
- the privacy program plan is updated to address changes in federal privacy laws and policies;
- the privacy program plan is updated to address organizational changes;
- the privacy program plan is updated to address problems identified during plan implementation or privacy control assessments.
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
procedures addressing program plan development and implementation
procedures addressing program plan reviews, updates, and approvals
procedures addressing coordination of the program plan with relevant entities
records of program plan reviews, updates, and approvals
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
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PM-19 Privacy Program Leadership Role
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Control
Appoint a senior agency official for privacy with the authority, mission, accountability, and resources to coordinate, develop, and implement, applicable privacy requirements and manage privacy risks through the organization-wide privacy program.
Discussion
The privacy officer is an organizational official. For federal agencies—as defined by applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines—this official is designated as the senior agency official for privacy. Organizations may also refer to this official as the chief privacy officer. The senior agency official for privacy also has roles on the data management board (see [PM-23](#pm-23) ) and the data integrity board (see [PM-24](#pm-24)).
Assessment Objective
- a senior agency official for privacy with authority, mission, accountability, and resources is appointed;
- the senior agency official for privacy coordinates applicable privacy requirements;
- the senior agency official for privacy develops applicable privacy requirements;
- the senior agency official for privacy implements applicable privacy requirements;
- the senior agency official for privacy manages privacy risks through the organization-wide privacy program.
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program documents, including policies, procedures, plans, and reports
public privacy notices, including Federal Register notices
privacy impact assessments
privacy risk assessments
Privacy Act statements
system of records notices
computer matching agreements and notices
contracts, information sharing agreements, and memoranda of understanding
governing requirements, including laws, executive orders, regulations, standards, and guidance
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program planning and plan implementation responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
senior agency official for privacy
privacy officials
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PM-20 Dissemination of Privacy Program Information
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Control
Maintain a central resource webpage on the organization’s principal public website that serves as a central source of information about the organization’s privacy program and that:- Ensures that the public has access to information about organizational privacy activities and can communicate with its senior agency official for privacy;
- Ensures that organizational privacy practices and reports are publicly available; and
- Employs publicly facing email addresses and/or phone lines to enable the public to provide feedback and/or direct questions to privacy offices regarding privacy practices.
Discussion
For federal agencies, the webpage is located at www.[agency].gov/privacy. Federal agencies include public privacy impact assessments, system of records notices, computer matching notices and agreements, [PRIVACT](#18e71fec-c6fd-475a-925a-5d8495cf8455) exemption and implementation rules, privacy reports, privacy policies, instructions for individuals making an access or amendment request, email addresses for questions/complaints, blogs, and periodic publications.
Assessment Objective
- a central resource webpage is maintained on the organization’s principal public website;
- the webpage serves as a central source of information about the organization’s privacy program;
- the webpage ensures that the public has access to information about organizational privacy activities;
- the webpage ensures that the public can communicate with its senior agency official for privacy;
- the webpage ensures that organizational privacy practices are publicly available;
- the webpage ensures that organizational privacy reports are publicly available;
- the webpage employs publicly facing email addresses and/or phone numbers to enable the public to provide feedback and/or direct questions to privacy offices regarding privacy practices.
Assessment Method
Examine
Public website
publicly posted privacy program documents, including policies, procedures, plans, and reports
position description of the senior agency official for privacy
public privacy notices, including Federal Register notices
privacy impact assessments
privacy risk assessments
Privacy Act statements and system of records notices
computer matching agreements and notices
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program information dissemination responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
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PM-21 Accounting of Disclosures
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Control
- Develop and maintain an accurate accounting of disclosures of personally identifiable information, including:
- Date, nature, and purpose of each disclosure; and
- Name and address, or other contact information of the individual or organization to which the disclosure was made;
- Retain the accounting of disclosures for the length of the time the personally identifiable information is maintained or five years after the disclosure is made, whichever is longer; and
- Make the accounting of disclosures available to the individual to whom the personally identifiable information relates upon request.
Discussion
The purpose of accounting of disclosures is to allow individuals to learn to whom their personally identifiable information has been disclosed, to provide a basis for subsequently advising recipients of any corrected or disputed personally identifiable information, and to provide an audit trail for subsequent reviews of organizational compliance with conditions for disclosures. For federal agencies, keeping an accounting of disclosures is required by the [PRIVACT](#18e71fec-c6fd-475a-925a-5d8495cf8455) ; agencies should consult with their senior agency official for privacy and legal counsel on this requirement and be aware of the statutory exceptions and OMB guidance relating to the provision.
Organizations can use any system for keeping notations of disclosures, if it can construct from such a system, a document listing of all disclosures along with the required information. Automated mechanisms can be used by organizations to determine when personally identifiable information is disclosed, including commercial services that provide notifications and alerts. Accounting of disclosures may also be used to help organizations verify compliance with applicable privacy statutes and policies governing the disclosure or dissemination of information and dissemination restrictions.
Assessment Objective
- an accurate accounting of disclosures of personally identifiable information is developed and maintained;
- the accounting includes the date of each disclosure;
- the accounting includes the nature of each disclosure;
- the accounting includes the purpose of each disclosure;
- the accounting includes the name of the individual or organization to whom the disclosure was made;
- the accounting includes the address or other contact information of the individual or organization to whom the disclosure was made;
- the accounting of disclosures is retained for the length of time that the personally identifiable information is maintained or five years after the disclosure is made, whichever is longer;
- the accounting of disclosures is made available to the individual to whom the personally identifiable information relates upon request.
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
disclosure policies and procedures
records of disclosures
audit logs
Privacy Act policies and procedures
system of records notice
Privacy Act exemption rules.
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities.
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PM-22 Personally Identifiable Information Quality Management
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Control
Develop and document organization-wide policies and procedures for:- Reviewing for the accuracy, relevance, timeliness, and completeness of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- Correcting or deleting inaccurate or outdated personally identifiable information;
- Disseminating notice of corrected or deleted personally identifiable information to individuals or other appropriate entities; and
- Appeals of adverse decisions on correction or deletion requests.
Discussion
Personally identifiable information quality management includes steps that organizations take to confirm the accuracy and relevance of personally identifiable information throughout the information life cycle. The information life cycle includes the creation, collection, use, processing, storage, maintenance, dissemination, disclosure, and disposition of personally identifiable information. Organizational policies and procedures for personally identifiable information quality management are important because inaccurate or outdated personally identifiable information maintained by organizations may cause problems for individuals. Organizations consider the quality of personally identifiable information involved in business functions where inaccurate information may result in adverse decisions or the denial of benefits and services, or the disclosure of the information may cause stigmatization. Correct information, in certain circumstances, can cause problems for individuals that outweigh the benefits of organizations maintaining the information. Organizations consider creating policies and procedures for the removal of such information.
The senior agency official for privacy ensures that practical means and mechanisms exist and are accessible for individuals or their authorized representatives to seek the correction or deletion of personally identifiable information. Processes for correcting or deleting data are clearly defined and publicly available. Organizations use discretion in determining whether data is to be deleted or corrected based on the scope of requests, the changes sought, and the impact of the changes. Additionally, processes include the provision of responses to individuals of decisions to deny requests for correction or deletion. The responses include the reasons for the decisions, a means to record individual objections to the decisions, and a means of requesting reviews of the initial determinations.
Organizations notify individuals or their designated representatives when their personally identifiable information is corrected or deleted to provide transparency and confirm the completed action. Due to the complexity of data flows and storage, other entities may need to be informed of the correction or deletion. Notice supports the consistent correction and deletion of personally identifiable information across the data ecosystem.
Assessment Objective
- organization-wide policies for personally identifiable information quality management are developed and documented;
- organization-wide procedures for personally identifiable information quality management are developed and documented;
- the policies address reviewing the accuracy of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the policies address reviewing the relevance of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the policies address reviewing the timeliness of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the policies address reviewing the completeness of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the procedures address reviewing the accuracy of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the procedures address reviewing the relevance of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the procedures address reviewing the timeliness of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the procedures address reviewing the completeness of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle;
- the policies address correcting or deleting inaccurate or outdated personally identifiable information;
- the procedures address correcting or deleting inaccurate or outdated personally identifiable information;
- the policies address disseminating notice of corrected or deleted personally identifiable information to individuals or other appropriate entities;
- the procedures address disseminating notice of corrected or deleted personally identifiable information to individuals or other appropriate entities;
- the policies address appeals of adverse decisions on correction or deletion requests;
- the procedures address appeals of adverse decisions on correction or deletion requests.
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
policies and procedures addressing personally identifiable information quality management, information life cycle documentation, and sample notices of correction or deletion
records of monitoring PII quality management practices
documentation of reviews and updates of policies and procedures
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program information dissemination responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
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PM-23 Data Governance Body
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Control
Establish a Data Governance Body consisting of [Assignement: roles] with [Assignement: responsibilities].
Discussion
A Data Governance Body can help ensure that the organization has coherent policies and the ability to balance the utility of data with security and privacy requirements. The Data Governance Body establishes policies, procedures, and standards that facilitate data governance so that data, including personally identifiable information, is effectively managed and maintained in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidance. Responsibilities can include developing and implementing guidelines that support data modeling, quality, integrity, and the de-identification needs of personally identifiable information across the information life cycle as well as reviewing and approving applications to release data outside of the organization, archiving the applications and the released data, and performing post-release monitoring to ensure that the assumptions made as part of the data release continue to be valid. Members include the chief information officer, senior agency information security officer, and senior agency official for privacy. Federal agencies are required to establish a Data Governance Body with specific roles and responsibilities in accordance with the [EVIDACT](#511da9ca-604d-43f7-be41-b862085420a9) and policies set forth under [OMB M-19-23](#d886c141-c832-4ad7-ac6d-4b94f4b550d3).
Assessment Objective
a Data Governance Body consisting of [Assignement: roles] with [Assignement: responsibilities] is established.
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
documentation relating to the Data Governance Body, including documents establishing such a body, its charter of operations, and any plans and reports
records of board meetings and decisions
records of requests to review data
policies, procedures, and standards that facilitate data governance
Interview
Officials serving on the Data Governance Body (e.g., chief information officer, senior agency information security officer, and senior agency official for privacy)
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PM-24 Data Integrity Board
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Control
Establish a Data Integrity Board to:- Review proposals to conduct or participate in a matching program; and
- Conduct an annual review of all matching programs in which the agency has participated.
Discussion
A Data Integrity Board is the board of senior officials designated by the head of a federal agency and is responsible for, among other things, reviewing the agency’s proposals to conduct or participate in a matching program and conducting an annual review of all matching programs in which the agency has participated. As a general matter, a matching program is a computerized comparison of records from two or more automated [PRIVACT](#18e71fec-c6fd-475a-925a-5d8495cf8455) systems of records or an automated system of records and automated records maintained by a non-federal agency (or agent thereof). A matching program either pertains to Federal benefit programs or Federal personnel or payroll records. At a minimum, the Data Integrity Board includes the Inspector General of the agency, if any, and the senior agency official for privacy.
Assessment Objective
a Data Integrity Board is established;- the Data Integrity Board reviews proposals to conduct or participate in a matching program;
- the Data Integrity Board conducts an annual review of all matching programs in which the agency has participated.
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
privacy program documents relating to the Data Integrity Board, including documents establishing the board, its charter of operations, and any plans and reports
computer matching agreements and notices
information sharing agreements
memoranda of understanding
records documenting annual reviews
governing requirements, including laws, executive orders, regulations, standards, and guidance
Interview
members of the Data Integrity Board (e.g., the chief information officer, senior information security officer, senior agency official for privacy, and agency Inspector General)
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PM-25 Minimization of Personally Identifiable Information Used in Testing, Training, and Research
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Control
- Develop, document, and implement policies and procedures that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal testing, training, and research;
- Limit or minimize the amount of personally identifiable information used for internal testing, training, and research purposes;
- Authorize the use of personally identifiable information when such information is required for internal testing, training, and research; and
- Review and update policies and procedures [Assignement: organization-defined frequency].
Discussion
The use of personally identifiable information in testing, research, and training increases the risk of unauthorized disclosure or misuse of such information. Organizations consult with the senior agency official for privacy and/or legal counsel to ensure that the use of personally identifiable information in testing, training, and research is compatible with the original purpose for which it was collected. When possible, organizations use placeholder data to avoid exposure of personally identifiable information when conducting testing, training, and research.
Assessment Objective
- policies that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal testing are developed and documented;
- policies that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal training are developed and documented;
- policies that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal research are developed and documented;
- procedures that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal testing are developed and documented;
- procedures that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal training are developed and documented;
- procedures that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal research are developed and documented;
- policies that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal testing, are implemented;
- policies that address the use of personally identifiable information for training are implemented;
- policies that address the use of personally identifiable information for research are implemented;
- procedures that address the use of personally identifiable information for internal testing are implemented;
- procedures that address the use of personally identifiable information for training are implemented;
- procedures that address the use of personally identifiable information for research are implemented;
- the amount of personally identifiable information used for internal testing purposes is limited or minimized;
- the amount of personally identifiable information used for internal training purposes is limited or minimized;
- the amount of personally identifiable information used for internal research purposes is limited or minimized;
- the required use of personally identifiable information for internal testing is authorized;
- the required use of personally identifiable information for internal training is authorized;
- the required use of personally identifiable information for internal research is authorized;
- policies are reviewed [Assignement: frequency];
- policies are updated [Assignement: frequency];
- procedures are reviewed [Assignement: frequency];
- procedures are updated [Assignement: frequency].
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
policies and procedures for the minimization of personally identifiable information used in testing, training, and research
documentation supporting policy implementation (e.g., templates for testing, training, and research
privacy threshold analysis
privacy risk assessment)
data sets used for testing, training, and research
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
system developers
personnel with IRB responsibilities
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PM-26 Complaint Management
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Control
Implement a process for receiving and responding to complaints, concerns, or questions from individuals about the organizational security and privacy practices that includes:- Mechanisms that are easy to use and readily accessible by the public;
- All information necessary for successfully filing complaints;
- Tracking mechanisms to ensure all complaints received are reviewed and addressed within [Assignement: organization-defined time period];
- Acknowledgement of receipt of complaints, concerns, or questions from individuals within [Assignement: time period] ; and
- Response to complaints, concerns, or questions from individuals within [Assignement: time period].
Discussion
Complaints, concerns, and questions from individuals can serve as valuable sources of input to organizations and ultimately improve operational models, uses of technology, data collection practices, and controls. Mechanisms that can be used by the public include telephone hotline, email, or web-based forms. The information necessary for successfully filing complaints includes contact information for the senior agency official for privacy or other official designated to receive complaints. Privacy complaints may also include personally identifiable information which is handled in accordance with relevant policies and processes.
Assessment Objective
- a process for receiving complaints, concerns, or questions from individuals about organizational security and privacy practices is implemented;
- a process for responding to complaints, concerns, or questions from individuals about organizational security and privacy practices is implemented;
- the complaint management process includes mechanisms that are easy to use by the public;
- the complaint management process includes mechanisms that are readily accessible by the public;
- the complaint management process includes all information necessary for successfully filing complaints;
- the complaint management process includes tracking mechanisms to ensure that all complaints are reviewed within [Assignement: time period];
- the complaint management process includes tracking mechanisms to ensure that all complaints are addressed within [Assignement: time period];
- the complaint management process includes acknowledging the receipt of complaints, concerns, or questions from individuals within [Assignement: time period];
- the complaint management process includes responding to complaints, concerns, or questions from individuals within [Assignement: time period].
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
procedures addressing complaint management
complaint documentation
procedures addressing the reviews of complaints
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
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PM-27 Privacy Reporting
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Control
- Develop [Assignement: privacy reports] and disseminate to:
- [Assignement: oversight bodies] to demonstrate accountability with statutory, regulatory, and policy privacy mandates; and
- [Assignement: officials] and other personnel with responsibility for monitoring privacy program compliance; and
- Review and update privacy reports [Assignement: frequency].
Discussion
Through internal and external reporting, organizations promote accountability and transparency in organizational privacy operations. Reporting can also help organizations to determine progress in meeting privacy compliance requirements and privacy controls, compare performance across the federal government, discover vulnerabilities, identify gaps in policy and implementation, and identify models for success. For federal agencies, privacy reports include annual senior agency official for privacy reports to OMB, reports to Congress required by Implementing Regulations of the 9/11 Commission Act, and other public reports required by law, regulation, or policy, including internal policies of organizations. The senior agency official for privacy consults with legal counsel, where appropriate, to ensure that organizations meet all applicable privacy reporting requirements.
Assessment Objective
- [Assignement: privacy reports] are developed;
- the privacy reports are disseminated to [Assignement: oversight bodies] to demonstrate accountability with statutory, regulatory, and policy privacy mandates;
- the privacy reports are disseminated to [Assignement: officials];
- the privacy reports are disseminated to other personnel responsible for monitoring privacy program compliance;
- the privacy reports are reviewed and updated [Assignement: frequency].
Assessment Method
Examine
Privacy program plan
internal and external privacy reports
privacy program plan
annual senior agency official for privacy reports to OMB
reports to Congress required by law, regulation, or policy, including internal policies
records documenting the dissemination of reports to oversight bodies and officials responsible for monitoring privacy program compliance
records of review and updates of privacy reports.
Interview
Organizational personnel with privacy program responsibilities
organizational personnel with privacy responsibilities
legal counsel.
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PM-28 Risk Framing
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Control
- Identify and document:
- Assumptions affecting risk assessments, risk responses, and risk monitoring;
- Constraints affecting risk assessments, risk responses, and risk monitoring;
- Priorities and trade-offs considered by the organization for managing risk; and
- Organizational risk tolerance;
- Distribute the results of risk framing activities to [Assignement: personnel] ; and
- Review and update risk framing considerations [Assignement: frequency].
Discussion
Risk framing is most effective when conducted at the organization level and in consultation with stakeholders throughout the organization including mission, business, and system owners. The assumptions, constraints, risk tolerance, priorities, and trade-offs identified as part of the risk framing process inform the risk management strategy, which in turn informs the conduct of risk assessment, risk response, and risk monitoring activities. Risk framing results are shared with organizational personnel, including mission and business owners, information owners or stewards, system owners, authorizing officials, senior agency information security officer, senior agency official for privacy, and senior accountable official for risk management.
Assessment Objective
- assumptions affecting risk assessments are identified and documented;
- assumptions affecting risk responses are identified and documented;
- assumptions affecting risk monitoring are identified and documented;
- constraints affecting risk assessments are identified and documented;
- constraints affecting risk responses are identified and documented;
- constraints affecting risk monitoring are identified and documented;
- priorities considered by the organization for managing risk are identified and documented;
- trade-offs considered by the organization for managing risk are identified and documented;
- organizational risk tolerance is identified and documented;
- the results of risk framing activities are distributed to [Assignement: personnel];
- risk framing considerations are reviewed and updated [Assignement: frequency].
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
supply chain risk management strategy
documentation of risk framing activities
policies and procedures for risk framing activities
risk management strategy
Interview
Organizational personnel (including mission, business, and system owners or stewards
authorizing officials
senior agency information security officer
senior agency official for privacy
and senior accountable official for risk management)
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PM-29 Risk Management Program Leadership Roles
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Control
- Appoint a Senior Accountable Official for Risk Management to align organizational information security and privacy management processes with strategic, operational, and budgetary planning processes; and
- Establish a Risk Executive (function) to view and analyze risk from an organization-wide perspective and ensure management of risk is consistent across the organization.
Discussion
The senior accountable official for risk management leads the risk executive (function) in organization-wide risk management activities.
Assessment Objective
- a Senior Accountable Official for Risk Management is appointed;
- a Senior Accountable Official for Risk Management aligns information security and privacy management processes with strategic, operational, and budgetary planning processes;
- a Risk Executive (function) is established;
- a Risk Executive (function) views and analyzes risk from an organization-wide perspective;
- a Risk Executive (function) ensures that the management of risk is consistent across the organization.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
risk management strategy
supply chain risk management strategy
documentation of appointment, roles, and responsibilities of a Senior Accountable Official for Risk Management
documentation of actions taken by the Official
documentation of the establishment, policies, and procedures of a Risk Executive (function)
Interview
Senior Accountable Official for Risk Management
chief information officer
senior agency information security officer
senior agency official for privacy
organizational personnel with information security and privacy program responsibilities
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PM-30 Supply Chain Risk Management Strategy
|
Control
- Develop an organization-wide strategy for managing supply chain risks associated with the development, acquisition, maintenance, and disposal of systems, system components, and system services;
- Implement the supply chain risk management strategy consistently across the organization; and
- Review and update the supply chain risk management strategy on [Assignement: frequency] or as required, to address organizational changes.
Discussion
An organization-wide supply chain risk management strategy includes an unambiguous expression of the supply chain risk appetite and tolerance for the organization, acceptable supply chain risk mitigation strategies or controls, a process for consistently evaluating and monitoring supply chain risk, approaches for implementing and communicating the supply chain risk management strategy, and the associated roles and responsibilities. Supply chain risk management includes considerations of the security and privacy risks associated with the development, acquisition, maintenance, and disposal of systems, system components, and system services. The supply chain risk management strategy can be incorporated into the organization’s overarching risk management strategy and can guide and inform supply chain policies and system-level supply chain risk management plans. In addition, the use of a risk executive function can facilitate a consistent, organization-wide application of the supply chain risk management strategy. The supply chain risk management strategy is implemented at the organization and mission/business levels, whereas the supply chain risk management plan (see [SR-2](#sr-2) ) is implemented at the system level.
Assessment Objective
- an organization-wide strategy for managing supply chain risks is developed;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the development of systems;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the development of system components;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the development of system services;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the acquisition of systems;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the acquisition of system components;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the acquisition of system services;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the maintenance of systems;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the maintenance of system components;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the maintenance of system services;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the disposal of systems;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the disposal of system components;
- the supply chain risk management strategy addresses risks associated with the disposal of system services;
- the supply chain risk management strategy is implemented consistently across the organization;
- the supply chain risk management strategy is reviewed and updated [Assignement: frequency] or as required to address organizational changes.
Assessment Method
Examine
Supply chain risk management strategy
organizational risk management strategy
enterprise risk management documents
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with supply chain risk management responsibilities
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
organizational personnel with acquisition responsibilities
organizational personnel with enterprise risk management responsibilities
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PM-31 Continuous Monitoring Strategy
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Control
Develop an organization-wide continuous monitoring strategy and implement continuous monitoring programs that include:- Establishing the following organization-wide metrics to be monitored: [Assignement: metrics];
- Establishing [Assignement: monitoring frequencies] and [Assignement: assessment frequencies] for control effectiveness;
- Ongoing monitoring of organizationally-defined metrics in accordance with the continuous monitoring strategy;
- Correlation and analysis of information generated by control assessments and monitoring;
- Response actions to address results of the analysis of control assessment and monitoring information; and
- Reporting the security and privacy status of organizational systems to [Assignement: organization-defined personnel or roles] [Assignement: organization-defined frequency].
Discussion
Continuous monitoring at the organization level facilitates ongoing awareness of the security and privacy posture across the organization to support organizational risk management decisions. The terms "continuous" and "ongoing" imply that organizations assess and monitor their controls and risks at a frequency sufficient to support risk-based decisions. Different types of controls may require different monitoring frequencies. The results of continuous monitoring guide and inform risk response actions by organizations. Continuous monitoring programs allow organizations to maintain the authorizations of systems and common controls in highly dynamic environments of operation with changing mission and business needs, threats, vulnerabilities, and technologies. Having access to security- and privacy-related information on a continuing basis through reports and dashboards gives organizational officials the capability to make effective, timely, and informed risk management decisions, including ongoing authorization decisions. To further facilitate security and privacy risk management, organizations consider aligning organization-defined monitoring metrics with organizational risk tolerance as defined in the risk management strategy. Monitoring requirements, including the need for monitoring, may be referenced in other controls and control enhancements such as, [AC-2g](#ac-2_smt.g), [AC-2(7)](#ac-2.7), [AC-2(12)(a)](#ac-2.12_smt.a), [AC-2(7)(b)](#ac-2.7_smt.b), [AC-2(7)(c)](#ac-2.7_smt.c), [AC-17(1)](#ac-17.1), [AT-4a](#at-4_smt.a), [AU-13](#au-13), [AU-13(1)](#au-13.1), [AU-13(2)](#au-13.2), [CA-7](#ca-7), [CM-3f](#cm-3_smt.f), [CM-6d](#cm-6_smt.d), [CM-11c](#cm-11_smt.c), [IR-5](#ir-5), [MA-2b](#ma-2_smt.b), [MA-3a](#ma-3_smt.a), [MA-4a](#ma-4_smt.a), [PE-3d](#pe-3_smt.d), [PE-6](#pe-6), [PE-14b](#pe-14_smt.b), [PE-16](#pe-16), [PE-20](#pe-20), [PM-6](#pm-6), [PM-23](#pm-23), [PS-7e](#ps-7_smt.e), [SA-9c](#sa-9_smt.c), [SC-5(3)(b)](#sc-5.3_smt.b), [SC-7a](#sc-7_smt.a), [SC-7(24)(b)](#sc-7.24_smt.b), [SC-18b](#sc-18_smt.b), [SC-43b](#sc-43_smt.b), [SI-4](#si-4).
Assessment Objective
an organization-wide continuous monitoring strategy is developed;- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include establishing [Assignement: metrics] to be monitored;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that establish [Assignement: monitoring frequencies] for monitoring;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that establish [Assignement: assessment frequencies] for assessment of control effectiveness;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include monitoring [Assignement: metrics] on an ongoing basis in accordance with the continuous monitoring strategy;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include correlating information generated by control assessments and monitoring;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include analyzing information generated by control assessments and monitoring;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include response actions to address the analysis of control assessment information;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include response actions to address the analysis of monitoring information;
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include reporting the security status of organizational systems to [Assignement: personnel or roles] [Assignement: frequency];
- continuous monitoring programs are implemented that include reporting the privacy status of organizational systems to [Assignement: personnel or roles] [Assignement: frequency].
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
supply chain risk management plan
continuous monitoring strategy
risk management strategy
information security continuous monitoring program documentation, reporting, metrics, and artifacts
information security continuous monitoring program assessment documentation, reporting, metrics, and artifacts
assessment and authorization policy
procedures addressing the continuous monitoring of controls
privacy program continuous monitoring documentation, reporting, metrics, and artifacts
continuous monitoring program records, security, and privacy impact analyses
status reports
risk response documentation
other relevant documents or records.
Interview
Senior Accountable Official for Risk Management
chief information officer
senior agency information security officer
senior agency official for privacy
organizational personnel with information security, privacy, and supply chain risk management program responsibilities
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PM-32 Purposing
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Control
Analyze [Assignement: systems or system components] supporting mission essential services or functions to ensure that the information resources are being used consistent with their intended purpose.
Discussion
Systems are designed to support a specific mission or business function. However, over time, systems and system components may be used to support services and functions that are outside of the scope of the intended mission or business functions. This can result in exposing information resources to unintended environments and uses that can significantly increase threat exposure. In doing so, the systems are more vulnerable to compromise, which can ultimately impact the services and functions for which they were intended. This is especially impactful for mission-essential services and functions. By analyzing resource use, organizations can identify such potential exposures.
Assessment Objective
[Assignement: systems or system components] supporting mission-essential services or functions are analyzed to ensure that the information resources are being used in a manner that is consistent with their intended purpose.
Assessment Method
Examine
Information security program plan
privacy program plan
list of essential services and functions
organizational analysis of information resources
risk management strategy
other relevant documents or records.
Interview
Organizational personnel with information security, privacy, and supply chain risk management program responsibilities
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1.1 Referencer
1.2 Identificerede krav
1.3 Relaterede reguleringer
2. Identificerede krav
3. Relaterede reguleringer
Reguleringer
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Regulering |
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