3.8 Media Protection

Statement

Enforce dual authorization for the sanitization of {{ insert: param, A.03.08.01E.ODP.01 }}.

Guidance

Dual authorization is also known as two-person control. Dual authorization reduces risk related to insider threats, including adversaries who have obtained credentials. Organizations employ dual authorization to help ensure that the sanitization of system media cannot occur unless two technically qualified individuals conduct the designated task. Individuals who sanitize system media possess sufficient skills and expertise to determine whether the proposed sanitization reflects applicable federal and organizational standards, policies, and procedures. Dual authorization also helps to ensure that sanitization occurs as intended to protect against errors and false claims of having performed the sanitization actions. To reduce the risk of collusion, organizations consider rotating dual authorization duties to other individuals. Organizations consider the risks associated with implementing dual authorization when immediate responses are necessary to help ensure public and environmental safety. This requirement enhances SP 800-171 requirement 03.08.03.

Statement

• (includes preempt) Ensure that the threat event does not have an impact.

  • Reduce likelihood of occurrence and/or reduce likelihood of impact.

  • The adversary’s efforts or resources cannot be applied or are wasted.

• (includes exert) Make it more difficult for threat events to cause adverse impacts or consequences.

  • Reduce likelihood of impact and reduce level of impact.

  • Adversary activities are restricted in scope, fail to achieve full effect, do not take place in accordance with adversary timeline, or require greater resources than adversary had planned.

Assessment objective

dual authorization for the sanitization of {{ insert: param, A.03.08.01E.ODP.01 }} is enforced.

Assessment method

• System media protection policy procedures addressing media sanitization and disposal dual authorization policy and procedures list of system media requiring dual authorization for sanitization authorization records media sanitization records audit records system security plan other relevant documents or records

Assessment method

• Personnel with system media sanitization responsibilities personnel with information security responsibilities system/network administrators

Assessment method

• Processes requiring dual authorization for media sanitization mechanisms supporting and/or implementing media sanitization mechanisms supporting and/or implementing dual authorization

Statement

Enforce dual authorization for the deletion or destruction of {{ insert: param, A.03.08.02E.ODP.01 }}.

Guidance

Dual authorization is also known as two-person control. Dual authorization reduces risk related to insider threats, including adversaries who have obtained credentials. Dual authorization ensures that the deletion or destruction of backup information cannot occur unless two qualified individuals carry out the task. Individuals who delete or destroy backup information possess the knowledge, skills, or expertise to determine whether the proposed deletion or destruction of such information reflects organizational policies and procedures. To reduce the risk of collusion, organizations often rotate dual authorization duties among various individuals. Organizations also consider the risk associated with implementing dual authorization when immediate responses are necessary to ensure public and environmental safety. This requirement enhances SP 800-171 requirement 03.08.09.

Statement

• (includes preempt) Ensure that the threat event does not have an impact.

  • Reduce likelihood of occurrence and/or reduce likelihood of impact.

  • The adversary’s efforts or resources cannot be applied or are wasted.

• (includes exert) Make it more difficult for threat events to cause adverse impacts or consequences.

  • Reduce likelihood of impact and reduce level of impact.

  • Adversary activities are restricted in scope, fail to achieve full effect, do not take place in accordance with adversary timeline, or require greater resources than adversary had planned.

Assessment objective

dual authorization for the deletion or destruction of {{ insert: param, A.03.08.02E.ODP.01 }} is enforced.

Assessment method

• Contingency planning policy procedures addressing system backup contingency plan system design documentation system configuration settings and associated documentation system-generated list of dual authorization credentials or rules logs or records of the deletion or destruction of backup information system security plan other relevant documents or records

Assessment method

• Personnel with system backup responsibilities personnel with information security responsibilities

Assessment method

• Mechanisms supporting and/or implementing dual authorization mechanisms supporting and/or implementing the deletion and/or destruction of backup information

Statement

Test backup information {{ insert: param, A.03.08.03E_prm_1 }} to verify media reliability and information integrity.

Guidance

Organizations need assurance that backup information can be reliably retrieved. Reliability pertains to the systems and system components in which the backup information is stored, the operations used to retrieve the information, and the integrity of the information being retrieved. Independent and specialized tests can be used for each of these aspects of reliability. For example, decrypting and transporting (or transmitting) a random sample of backup files from the alternate storage or backup site and comparing the information to the same information at the primary processing site can provide such assurance. This requirement enhances SP 800-171 requirement 03.08.09.

Statement

• (includes preempt) Ensure that the threat event does not have an impact.

  • Reduce likelihood of occurrence and/or reduce likelihood of impact.

  • The adversary’s efforts or resources cannot be applied or are wasted.

• (includes exert) Make it more difficult for threat events to cause adverse impacts or consequences.

  • Reduce likelihood of impact and reduce level of impact.

  • Adversary activities are restricted in scope, fail to achieve full effect, do not take place in accordance with adversary timeline, or require greater resources than adversary had planned.

• (includes shorten and reduce) Restrict the consequences of realized threat events by limiting the damage or effects they cause in terms of time, system resources, and/or mission or business impacts.

  • Reduce level of impact and reduce likelihood of impact of subsequent events in the same threat scenario.

  • The adversary’s effectiveness is restricted.

Assessment objective

backup information is tested {{ insert: param, A.03.08.03E.ODP.01 }} to verify media reliability.

Assessment objective

backup information is tested {{ insert: param, A.03.08.03E.ODP.02 }} to verify information integrity.

Assessment method

• Contingency planning policy procedures addressing system backup contingency plan system backup test results contingency plan test documentation contingency plan test results system security plan other relevant documents or records

Assessment method

• Personnel with system backup responsibilities personnel with information security responsibilities

Assessment method

• Processes for conducting system backups mechanisms supporting and/or implementing system backups

Statement

Provide for the recovery and reconstitution of the system to a known state within {{ insert: param, A.03.08.04E_prm_1 }} after a disruption, compromise, or failure.

Guidance

Recovery is executing contingency plan activities to restore organizational mission and business functions. Reconstitution occurs following recovery operations and includes activities for returning systems to fully operational states. Recovery and reconstitution operations reflect mission and business priorities; recovery point, recovery time, and reconstitution objectives; and organizational metrics consistent with contingency plan requirements. Reconstitution includes the deactivation of interim system capabilities that may have been needed during recovery operations. Reconstitution also includes assessments of fully restored system capabilities, the reestablishment of continuous monitoring activities, and activities to prepare the system and organization for future disruptions, breaches, compromises, or failures. Recovery and reconstitution capabilities can include automated mechanisms and manual procedures. Organizations establish recovery time and recovery point objectives as part of contingency planning. This requirement does not enhance a specific requirement in SP 800-171 but can be used to strengthen the protection of CUI associated with critical programs or high value assets.

Statement

• (includes shorten and reduce) Restrict the consequences of realized threat events by limiting the damage or effects they cause in terms of time, system resources, and/or mission or business impacts.

  • Reduce level of impact and reduce likelihood of impact of subsequent events in the same threat scenario.

  • The adversary’s effectiveness is restricted.

Assessment objective

the recovery of the system to a known state is provided within {{ insert: param, A.03.08.04E.ODP.01 }} after a disruption, compromise, or failure.

Assessment objective

the reconstitution of the system to a known state is provided within {{ insert: param, A.03.08.04E.ODP.02 }} after a disruption, compromise, or failure.

Assessment method

• Contingency planning policy procedures addressing system backup contingency plan system backup test results contingency plan test results contingency plan test documentation redundant secondary system for system backups locations of redundant secondary backup systems system security plan other relevant documents or records

Assessment method

• Organizational personnel with contingency planning, recovery, and/or reconstitution responsibilities organizational personnel with information security responsibilities

Assessment method

• Organizational processes implementing system recovery and reconstitution operations mechanisms supporting and/or implementing system recovery and reconstitution operations