+Chain of Custody & Forensics
---+Licensed Forensic Investigators
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Chain of Custody & Forensics
Description
Mechanisms exist to perform digital forensics and maintain the integrity of the chain of custody, in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and industry-recognized secure practices.
Possible Solutions & Considerations
Micro-Small Business (<10 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 1-2
∙ Third-party advisors (e.g., virtual CISO, Managed Security Services Provider (MSSP), etc.)
Small Business (10-49 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 3-4
∙ Third-party advisors (e.g., virtual CISO, Managed Security Services Provider (MSSP), etc.)
Medium Business (50-249 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 5-6
∙ Chain of custody procedures
∙ OpenText Encase (https://opentext.com)
∙ AccessData Forensic Toolkit (FTK) (https://pluralsight.com)
∙ Extero (https://exterro.com)
Large Business (250-999 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 7-8
∙ Chain of custody procedures
∙ OpenText Encase (https://opentext.com)
∙ AccessData Forensic Toolkit (FTK) (https://pluralsight.com)
∙ Extero (https://exterro.com)
Enterprise (> 1,000 staff) / BLS Firm Size Class 9
∙ Chain of custody procedures
∙ OpenText Encase (https://opentext.com)
∙ AccessData Forensic Toolkit (FTK) (https://pluralsight.com)
∙ Extero (https://exterro.com)
SCR-CMM
Level 0 Not Performed
Practices are non-existent, based on the inability to demonstrate an implemented and operational capability. A reasonable person would conclude the control is not being performed.
Level 1 Performed Informally
SCR-CMM Level 1 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude this control requires a structured process.
▪ At this level of maturity, the "ad hoc" nature of performing a capability informally would indicate the intent of the control is not met due to a lack of consistency and formality.
Level 2 Planned Tracked
Incident Response (IRO) capabilities are requirements-driven, but are not standardized across the entity (e.g., local/regional level consistency). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with IRO domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with DCH domain capabilities are documented and maintained by process owners.
▪ IT and/or cybersecurity personnel work with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with IRO domain capabilities to address applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD).
▪ Incident response-related controls are primarily administrative and preventative in nature (e.g., policies, standards and procedures & guidelines).
▪ Incident response management may be a defined function (e.g., team or department) or assigned as an additional duty to existing IT and/or cybersecurity personnel.
▪ IT and/or cybersecurity personnel operate an incident response capability using a documented and tested Incident Response Plan (IRP) to facilitate incident management operations that cover preparation, detection and analysis, containment, eradication and recovery.
Level 3 Well Defined
Incident Response (IRO) capabilities are standardized across the entity for applicability to People, Processes, Technologies, Data and/or Facilities (PPTDF) to ensure consistency for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with IRO domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function.
▪ Cybersecurity personnel operate an incident response capability using a documented and tested Incident Response Plan (IRP) to facilitate incident management operations that cover preparation, detection and analysis, containment, eradication and recovery.
▪ An incident response team, or similar function, is appropriately staffed and supported to implement and maintain IRO domain capabilities.
▪ Technology is leveraged to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of incident response operations (e.g., incident management software).
▪ The entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function, works with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with IRO domain capabilities to address Minimum Compliance Requirements (MCR) (e.g., applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements) and Discretionary Security Requirements (DSR) (e.g., entity-required controls).
▪ An implemented and operational capability exists to perform digital forensics and maintain the integrity of the chain of custody, in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and industry-recognized secure practices.
Level 4 Quantitatively Controlled
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 4 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a quantitatively-controlled process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ While it may be possible to develop “metrics-driven” capabilities for this control, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
Level 5 Continuously Improving
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 or Level 4 (if available) criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 5 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a continuously-improving process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ Level 5 capabilities should be considered “world-class” where the control builds on Level 4 capabilities, but are continuously improving through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and/or Machine Learning (ML) technologies.
▪ While it may be possible to develop responsive capabilities for this control through the use of AI and/or ML technologies, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
1. Apžvalga
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Standartas |
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Licensed Forensic Investigators
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Description
Mechanisms exist to utilize licensed forensic investigators to perform data analysis for evidentiary purposes that may be used in legal proceedings or to prove wrongdoing.
Possible Solutions & Considerations
Micro-Small Business (<10 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 1-2
∙ Basic incident response plan
∙ Designate incident response contact
Small Business (10-49 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 3-4
∙ Documented incident response plan
∙ Incident log
∙ Designated IR team
Medium Business (50-249 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 5-6
∙ Formal incident response program
∙ IR playbooks
∙ Tabletop exercises
Large Business (250-999 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 7-8
∙ Enterprise incident response program
∙ 24/7 SOC monitoring
∙ SOAR platform
Enterprise (> 1,000 staff) / BLS Firm Size Class 9
∙ Enterprise SOC with SIEM/SOAR (e.g., Splunk SOAR, Palo Alto XSOAR)
∙ IR retainer
∙ Threat hunting
SCR-CMM
Level 0 Not Performed
Practices are non-existent, based on the inability to demonstrate an implemented and operational capability. A reasonable person would conclude the control is not being performed.
Level 1 Performed Informally
Incident Response (IRO) domain capabilities are ad hoc and inconsistent. Capability criteria associated with this control may include:
▪ Policies, standards & procedures associated with IRO domain capabilities provide limited coverage due to the depth and breadth of the existing documentation.
▪ Incident response-related activities are decentralized (e.g., a localized/regionalized function) and uses non-standardized methods to implement secure, resilient and compliant practices.
▪ IT and/or cybersecurity personnel use an informal process to facilitate incident management operations that cover preparation, detection and analysis, containment, eradication and recovery.
▪ For eDiscovery, IT and/or cybersecurity personnel manually identify and collect Electronically Stored Information (ESI) in order to respond to a request from a lawsuit or investigation.
Level 2 Planned Tracked
Incident Response (IRO) capabilities are requirements-driven, but are not standardized across the entity (e.g., local/regional level consistency). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with IRO domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with DCH domain capabilities are documented and maintained by process owners.
▪ IT and/or cybersecurity personnel work with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with IRO domain capabilities to address applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD).
▪ Incident response-related controls are primarily administrative and preventative in nature (e.g., policies, standards and procedures & guidelines).
▪ Incident response management may be a defined function (e.g., team or department) or assigned as an additional duty to existing IT and/or cybersecurity personnel.
▪ IT and/or cybersecurity personnel operate an incident response capability using a documented and tested Incident Response Plan (IRP) to facilitate incident management operations that cover preparation, detection and analysis, containment, eradication and recovery.
▪ Incident responders are proficient on their specific IRP role(s) and responsibilities through recurring training events (e.g., annual rock drill).
Level 3 Well Defined
Incident Response (IRO) capabilities are standardized across the entity for applicability to People, Processes, Technologies, Data and/or Facilities (PPTDF) to ensure consistency for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with IRO domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function.
▪ Cybersecurity personnel operate an incident response capability using a documented and tested Incident Response Plan (IRP) to facilitate incident management operations that cover preparation, detection and analysis, containment, eradication and recovery.
▪ An incident response team, or similar function, is appropriately staffed and supported to implement and maintain IRO domain capabilities.
▪ Technology is leveraged to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of incident response operations (e.g., incident management software).
▪ The entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function, works with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with IRO domain capabilities to address Minimum Compliance Requirements (MCR) (e.g., applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements) and Discretionary Security Requirements (DSR) (e.g., entity-required controls).
▪ An implemented and operational capability exists to utilize licensed forensic investigators to perform data analysis for evidentiary purposes that may be used in legal proceedings or to prove wrongdoing.
Level 4 Quantitatively Controlled
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 4 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a quantitatively-controlled process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ While it may be possible to develop “metrics-driven” capabilities for this control, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
Level 5 Continuously Improving
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 or Level 4 (if available) criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 5 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a continuously-improving process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ Level 5 capabilities should be considered “world-class” where the control builds on Level 4 capabilities, but are continuously improving through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and/or Machine Learning (ML) technologies.
▪ While it may be possible to develop responsive capabilities for this control through the use of AI and/or ML technologies, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
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1.1 Nuorodos
1.2 Nustatyti reikalavimai
1.3 Susiję teisės aktai
2. Nustatyti reikalavimai
Reikalavimai
| Šaltinis |
Reikalavimas |
3. Susiję teisės aktai
Teisės aktai
| Šaltinis |
Reguliavimas |
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EULAW
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13 straipsnis 2
2. Finansų sektoriaus subjektai taiko peržiūras po su IRT susijusių incidentų, kurie vykdomi po to, kai sutrikdoma jų pagrindinė veikla dėl didelio su IRT susijusio incidento, ir kurių metu analizuojamos sutrikdymo priežastys ir nustatomi reikiami IRT operacijų ar 11 straipsnyje nurodytos IRT veiklos tęstinumo politikos patobulinimai.
Finansų sektoriaus subjektai, išskyrus labai mažas įmones, kompetentingų institucijų prašymu praneša joms apie pakeitimus, kurie buvo įgyvendinti atlikus peržiūras po su IRT susijusių incidentų, kaip nurodyta pirmoje pastraipoje.
Atliekant pirmoje pastraipoje nurodytas peržiūras po su IRT susijusių incidentų nustatoma, ar buvo laikomasi nustatytų procedūrų ir ar veiksmai, kurių imtasi, buvo veiksmingi, kiek tai susiję, be kita ko, su:
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a)
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tuo, kaip greitai sureaguota į saugumo įspėjimus ir nustatytas su IRT susijusių incidentų poveikis ir jų rimtumas;
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b)
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analitinės ekspertizės, kai ji buvo laikoma tikslinga, atlikimo kokybe ir greičiu;
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c)
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incidento sprendimo finansų sektoriaus subjekto viduje veiksmingumu;
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d)
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vidaus ir išorės komunikacijos veiksmingumu.
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EULAW
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13 straipsnis 3
3. Į IRT rizikos vertinimo procesą nuolat tinkamai įtraukiama patirtis, įgyta vykdant skaitmeninės veiklos atsparumo testavimą pagal 26 ir 27 straipsnius ir reaguojant į realius su IRT susijusius incidentus, visų pirma kibernetinius išpuolius, taip pat į iššūkius, kilusius pradedant įgyvendinti IRT veiklos tęstinumo planus ir IRT reagavimo ir veiklos atkūrimo planus, ir atitinkama informacija, kuria keistasi su partneriais ir kuri įvertinta priežiūrinio tikrinimo metu. Tų nustatytų pastebėjimų pagrindu tinkamai peržiūrimi atitinkami 6 straipsnio 1 dalyje nurodytos IRT rizikos valdymo sistemos komponentai.
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EULAW
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23 straipsnis Pareigos pranešti
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EULAW
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22 straipsnis Su IRT susijusių incidentų valdymo politika
22 straipsnis
Su IRT susijusių incidentų valdymo politika
Finansų sektoriaus subjektai parengia, dokumentuoja, įgyvendina ir į mechanizmus, kuriais aptinkama neįprasta veikla, be kita ko IRT tinklo veikimo problemos ir su IRT susiję incidentai, įtraukia su IRT susijusių incidentų valdymo politiką, kuria jie:
a)
dokumentuoja su IRT susijusių incidentų valdymo procesą, nurodytą Reglamento (ES) 2022/2554 17 straipsnyje;
b)
sudaro sąrašą svarbių kontaktų su vidaus funkcijas atliekančiais darbuotojais ir išorės suinteresuotaisiais subjektais, tiesiogiai dalyvaujančiais IRT operacijų saugumo veikloje, be kita ko, susijusioje su:
i)
kibernetinių grėsmių aptikimu ir stebėsena;
ii)
neįprastos veiklos aptikimu;
c)
nustato, įgyvendina ir valdo techninius, organizacinius ir operacinius mechanizmus, palaikančius su IRT susijusių incidentų valdymo procesą, įskaitant mechanizmus, leidžiančius nedelsiant aptikti neįprastą veiklą ir elgesį pagal šio reglamento 23 straipsnį;
▼C1
d)
saugo visus su IRT susijusiais incidentais susijusius įrodymus laikotarpį, kuris yra ne ilgesnis, nei reikia tais tikslais, kuriais renkami duomenys, ir proporcingas paveiktų veiklos funkcijų, palaikymo procesų ir IRT bei informacinio turto ypatingai svarbai, pagal Komisijos deleguotojo reglamento (ES) 2024/1772 (
2
) 8 straipsnio 2 dalį ir visus taikytinus saugojimo reikalavimus pagal Sąjungos teisę;
▼B
e)
nustato ir įgyvendina mechanizmus, kuriais analizuojami reikšmingi ar pasikartojantys su IRT susiję incidentai ir su IRT susijusių incidentų skaičiaus ir vyksmo modeliai.
Taikydami d punktą, finansų sektoriaus subjektai saugo tame punkte nurodytus įrodymus saugiu būdu.
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Susietos užduotys
- Secure Controls Framework -
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