Article 14a 2.

progress in the deployment of zero- and low-emission vehicles, in particular in the light commercial vehicles segment, as well as the measures at Union, Member State and local level to facilitate Member States’ transition to zero- emission light-duty vehicles;

progress in the energy efficiency and affordability of zero- and low-emission vehicles;

the impacts on consumers, particularly on low- and medium-income households, including on electricity prices;

analysis of the market for second-hand vehicles;

the potential contribution in terms of CO2 savings of additional measures aimed to lower the average age and thus the emissions of the light-duty vehicles fleet, such as measures to support the phase out of older vehicles in a socially just and environmentally sound manner;

impacts on employment in the automotive sector, especially on micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and the effectiveness of measures to support retraining and upskilling of the workforce;

the effectiveness of existing financial measures and the need for further action, including adequate financial measures, at Union, Member State or local level to ensure a just transition and to mitigate any negative socioeconomic impacts, in particular in the regions and the communities most affected;

progress in social dialogue, as well as aspects to further facilitate an economically viable and socially fair transition towards zero-emission road mobility;

progress in the roll-out of public and private recharging and refuelling infrastructure, including progress under a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, and repealing Directive 2014/94/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council and a recast of Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 3 );

the potential contribution of innovation technologies and sustainable alternative fuels, including synthetic fuels, to reach climate neutral mobility;

life-cycle emissions of new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles placed on the market, as reported in accordance with Article 7a;

the impact of this Regulation on the achievement of the Member States’ targets under Regulation (EU) 2018/842 and a recast of Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 4 ).