+AC-17 Remote Access
---+AC-17(01) Monitoring and Control
---+AC-17(02) Protection of Confidentiality and Integrity Using Encryption
---+AC-17(03) Managed Access Control Points
---+AC-17(04) Privileged Commands and Access
---+AC-17(06) Protection of Mechanism Information
---+AC-17(09) Disconnect or Disable Access
---+AC-17(10) Authenticate Remote Commands
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AC-17 Remote Access
Control
- Establish and document usage restrictions, configuration/connection requirements, and implementation guidance for each type of remote access allowed; and
- Authorize each type of remote access to the system prior to allowing such connections.
Discussion
Remote access is access to organizational systems (or processes acting on behalf of users) that communicate through external networks such as the Internet. Types of remote access include dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Organizations use encrypted virtual private networks (VPNs) to enhance confidentiality and integrity for remote connections. The use of encrypted VPNs provides sufficient assurance to the organization that it can effectively treat such connections as internal networks if the cryptographic mechanisms used are implemented in accordance with applicable laws, executive orders, directives, regulations, policies, standards, and guidelines. Still, VPN connections traverse external networks, and the encrypted VPN does not enhance the availability of remote connections. VPNs with encrypted tunnels can also affect the ability to adequately monitor network communications traffic for malicious code. Remote access controls apply to systems other than public web servers or systems designed for public access. Authorization of each remote access type addresses authorization prior to allowing remote access without specifying the specific formats for such authorization. While organizations may use information exchange and system connection security agreements to manage remote access connections to other systems, such agreements are addressed as part of [CA-3](#ca-3) . Enforcing access restrictions for remote access is addressed via [AC-3](#ac-3).
Assessment Objective
- usage restrictions are established and documented for each type of remote access allowed;
- configuration/connection requirements are established and documented for each type of remote access allowed;
- implementation guidance is established and documented for each type of remote access allowed;
- each type of remote access to the system is authorized prior to allowing such connections.
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing remote access implementation and usage (including restrictions)
configuration management plan
system configuration settings and associated documentation
remote access authorizations
system audit records
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with responsibilities for managing remote access connections
system/network administrators
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
1. Pārskats
| Nosaukums |
Standarts |
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AC-17(01) Monitoring and Control
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Control
Employ automated mechanisms to monitor and control remote access methods.
Discussion
Monitoring and control of remote access methods allows organizations to detect attacks and help ensure compliance with remote access policies by auditing the connection activities of remote users on a variety of system components, including servers, notebook computers, workstations, smart phones, and tablets. Audit logging for remote access is enforced by [AU-2](#au-2) . Audit events are defined in [AU-2a](#au-2_smt.a).
Assessment Objective
- automated mechanisms are employed to monitor remote access methods;
- automated mechanisms are employed to control remote access methods.
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing remote access to the system
system design documentation
system configuration settings and associated documentation
system audit records
system monitoring records
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
System/network administrators
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
system developers
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AC-17(02) Protection of Confidentiality and Integrity Using Encryption
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Control
Implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality and integrity of remote access sessions.
Discussion
Virtual private networks can be used to protect the confidentiality and integrity of remote access sessions. Transport Layer Security (TLS) is an example of a cryptographic protocol that provides end-to-end communications security over networks and is used for Internet communications and online transactions.
Assessment Objective
cryptographic mechanisms are implemented to protect the confidentiality and integrity of remote access sessions.
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing remote access to the system
system design documentation
system configuration settings and associated documentation
cryptographic mechanisms and associated configuration documentation
system audit records
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
System/network administrators
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
system developers
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AC-17(03) Managed Access Control Points
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Control
Route remote accesses through authorized and managed network access control points.
Discussion
Organizations consider the Trusted Internet Connections (TIC) initiative [DHS TIC](#4f42ee6e-86cc-403b-a51f-76c2b4f81b54) requirements for external network connections since limiting the number of access control points for remote access reduces attack surfaces.
Assessment Objective
remote accesses are routed through authorized and managed network access control points.
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing remote access to the system
system design documentation
list of all managed network access control points
system configuration settings and associated documentation
system audit records
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
System/network administrators
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
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AC-17(04) Privileged Commands and Access
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Control
- Authorize the execution of privileged commands and access to security-relevant information via remote access only in a format that provides assessable evidence and for the following needs: [Assignement: organization-defined needs] ; and
- Document the rationale for remote access in the security plan for the system.
Discussion
Remote access to systems represents a significant potential vulnerability that can be exploited by adversaries. As such, restricting the execution of privileged commands and access to security-relevant information via remote access reduces the exposure of the organization and the susceptibility to threats by adversaries to the remote access capability.
Assessment Objective
- the execution of privileged commands via remote access is authorized only in a format that provides assessable evidence;
- access to security-relevant information via remote access is authorized only in a format that provides assessable evidence;
- the execution of privileged commands via remote access is authorized only for the following needs: [Assignement: needs requiring remote access];
- access to security-relevant information via remote access is authorized only for the following needs: [Assignement: needs requiring remote access];
- the rationale for remote access is documented in the security plan for the system.
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing remote access to the system
system configuration settings and associated documentation
security plan
system audit records
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
System/network administrators
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
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AC-17(06) Protection of Mechanism Information
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Control
Protect information about remote access mechanisms from unauthorized use and disclosure.
Discussion
Remote access to organizational information by non-organizational entities can increase the risk of unauthorized use and disclosure about remote access mechanisms. The organization considers including remote access requirements in the information exchange agreements with other organizations, as applicable. Remote access requirements can also be included in rules of behavior (see [PL-4](#pl-4) ) and access agreements (see [PS-6](#ps-6)).
Assessment Objective
information about remote access mechanisms is protected from unauthorized use and disclosure.
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing remote access to the system
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
Organizational personnel with responsibilities for implementing or monitoring remote access to the system
system users with knowledge of information about remote access mechanisms
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
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AC-17(09) Disconnect or Disable Access
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Control
Provide the capability to disconnect or disable remote access to the system within [Assignement: time period].
Discussion
The speed of system disconnect or disablement varies based on the criticality of missions or business functions and the need to eliminate immediate or future remote access to systems.
Assessment Objective
the capability to disconnect or disable remote access to the system within [Assignement: time period] is provided.
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing disconnecting or disabling remote access to the system
system design documentation
system configuration settings and associated documentation
security plan, system audit records
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
System/network administrators
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
system developers
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AC-17(10) Authenticate Remote Commands
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Control
Implement [Assignement: mechanisms] to authenticate [Assignement: remote commands].
Discussion
Authenticating remote commands protects against unauthorized commands and the replay of authorized commands. The ability to authenticate remote commands is important for remote systems for which loss, malfunction, misdirection, or exploitation would have immediate or serious consequences, such as injury, death, property damage, loss of high value assets, failure of mission or business functions, or compromise of classified or controlled unclassified information. Authentication mechanisms for remote commands ensure that systems accept and execute commands in the order intended, execute only authorized commands, and reject unauthorized commands. Cryptographic mechanisms can be used, for example, to authenticate remote commands.
Assessment Objective
[Assignement: mechanisms] are implemented to authenticate [Assignement: remote commands].
Assessment Method
Examine
Access control policy
procedures addressing authentication of remote commands
system design documentation
system configuration settings and associated documentation
system audit records
system security plan
other relevant documents or records
Interview
System/network administrators
organizational personnel with information security responsibilities
system developers
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3. Saistītie tiesību akti
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