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Preamble: 1Council Directive 2003/72/EC of 22 July 2003 supplementing the Statute for a European Cooperative Society with regard to the involvement of employees THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 308 thereof, Having regard to the proposal from the Commission(1), Having regard to the opinion of the European Parliament(2), Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee(3), Whereas: (1) In order to attain the objectives of the Treaty, Council Regulation (EC) No 1435/2003(4) establishes a Statute for a European Cooperative Society (SCE). (2) That Regulation aims at creating a uniform legal framework within which cooperatives and other entities and natural persons from different Member States should be able to plan and carry out the reorganisation of their business in cooperative form on a Community scale. (3) In order to promote the social objectives of the Community, special provisions have to be set, notably in the field of employee involvement, aimed at ensuring that the establishment of an SCE does not entail the disappearance or reduction of practices of employee involvement existing within the entities participating in the establishment of an SCE. This objective should be pursued through the establishment of a set of rules in this field, supplementing the provisions of Regulation (EC) No 1435/2003. (4) Since the objectives of the proposed action, as outlined above, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States, in that the object is to establish a set of rules on employee-involvement applicable to the SCE, and can therefore, by reason of the scale and impact of the proposed action, be better achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary to achieve these objectives. (5) The great diversity of rules and practices existing in the Member States as regards the manner in which employees' representatives are involved in decision-making within cooperatives makes it inadvisable to set up a single European model of employee involvement applicable to the SCE. (6) Information and consultation procedures at transnational level should be ensured in all cases of creation of an SCE, with the necessary adaptation for SCEs formed ex novo where this is justified by their size, as measured in terms of employment. (7) If participation rights exist within one or more entities establishing an SCE, they should in principle be preserved through their transfer to the SCE, once established, unless the parties decide otherwise. (8) The concrete procedures of employee transnational information and consultation, as well as, if applicable, participation, to apply to each SCE should be defined primarily by means of an agreement between the parties concerned or, in the absence thereof, through the application of a set of subsidiary rules. (9) Member States should still have the option of not applying the standard rules relating to participation in the case of a merger, given the diversity of national systems for employee involvement. Existing systems and practices of participation where appropriate at the level of participating entities must in that case be maintained by adapting registration rules. (10) The voting rules within the special body representing the employees for negotiation purposes, in particular when concluding agreements providing for a level of participation lower than the one existing within one or more of the participating entities, should be proportionate to the risk of disappearance or reduction of existing systems and practices of participation. That risk is greater in the case of an SCE established by way of transformation or merger than by way of creating an ex novo SCE. (11) In the absence of an agreement subsequent to the negotiation between employees' representatives and the competent organs of the participating entities, provision should be made for certain standard rules to apply to the SCE, once it is established. These standard rules should ensure effective practices of transnational information and consultation of employees, as well as their participation in the relevant organs of the SCE if such participation existed before its establishment within the participating entities. (12) When application of the abovementioned procedures to the entities participating in the ex novo SCE cannot be justified because of their small size as measured in terms of employment, the SCE should be subject to the national rules on the involvement of employees in force in the Member State where it establishes its registered office, or in the Member States where it has subsidiaries or establishments. This should be without prejudice to the obligation placed on an SCE already established to implement these procedures if a significant number of employees so requests. (13) Specific provisions should apply to employee participation in general meetings, in so far as national laws so allow. The application of these provisions does not preclude the application of other forms of participation, as provided for in this Directive. (14) Member States should ensure through appropriate provisions that, in the case of structural changes following the creation of an SCE, the arrangements for the involvement of employees can, where appropriate, be renegotiated. (15) Provision should be made for the employees' representatives acting within the framework of this Directive to enjoy, when exercising their functions, the same protection and guarantees as those provided for employees' representatives by the legislation and/or practice of the country of employment. They should not be subject to any discrimination, including harassment, as a result of the lawful exercise of their activities and should enjoy adequate protection as regards dismissal and other sanctions. (16) The confidentiality of sensitive information should be preserved even after the expiry of the terms of office of the employees' representatives, and provision should be made to allow the competent organ of the SCE to withhold information which would seriously harm, if subject to public disclosure, the functioning of the SCE. (17) Where an SCE and its subsidiaries and establishments are subject to Council Directive 94/45/EC of 22 September 1994 on the establishment of a European Works Council or a procedure in Community-scale undertakings and Community-scale groups of undertakings for the purposes of informing and consulting employees(5), the provisions of that Directive and the provisions transposing it into national legislation should not apply to it nor to its subsidiaries and establishments, unless the special negotiating body decides not to open negotiations or to terminate negotiations already opened. (18) This Directive should not affect other existing rights regarding involvement and need not affect other existing representation structures, provided for by Community and national laws and practices. (19) Member States should take appropriate measures in the event of failure to comply with the obligations laid down in this Directive. (20) The Treaty has not provided the necessary powers for the Community to adopt this Directive, other than those provided for in Article 308. (21) It is a fundamental principle and stated aim of this Directive to secure employees' acquired rights as regards involvement in company decisions. Employee rights in force before the establishment of SCEs should provide the basis for employee rights of involvement in the SCE (the "before and after" principle). Consequently, that approach should apply not only to the initial establishment of an SCE but also to structural changes in an existing SCE and to the entities affected by structural change processes. Therefore, where the registered office of an SCE is transferred from one Member State to another, at least the same level of employee involvement rights should continue to apply. Further, if the threshold concerning employee involvement is reached or exceeded after the registration of an SCE, these rights should apply in the same manner in which they would have applied, had the threshold been reached or exceeded before registration. (22) Member States may provide that representatives of trade unions may be members of a special negotiating body regardless of whether they are employees of an entity participating in the establishment of an SCE. Member States should in this context in particular be able to introduce this right in cases where trade union representatives have the right to be members of, and to vote in, supervisory or administrative company organs in accordance with national legislation. (23) In several Member States, employee involvement and other areas of industrial relations are based on both national legislation and practice which in this context is understood also to cover collective agreements at various national, sectorial and/or company levels, HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: 1. Ħarsa ġenerali
1.1 Referenzi1.2 Rekwiżiti identifikati1.3 Standards relatati2. Rekwiżiti identifikati
3. Standards relatati
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