Article 1 6.

institutional investors, to the extent that they invest directly or through an asset manager in shares traded on a regulated market;

asset managers, to the extent that they invest in such shares on behalf of investors; and

proxy advisors, to the extent that they provide services to shareholders with respect to shares of companies which have their registered office in a Member State and the shares of which are admitted to trading on a regulated market situated or operating within a Member State.