+Articolo 28 Responsabile del trattamento
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Articolo 28 Responsabile del trattamento
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1. Panoramica
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Regolamentazione |
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Articolo 28 1.
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Qualora un trattamento debba essere effettuato per conto del titolare del trattamento, quest'ultimo ricorre unicamente a responsabili del trattamento che presentino garanzie sufficienti per mettere in atto misure tecniche e organizzative adeguate in modo tale che il trattamento soddisfi i requisiti del presente regolamento e garantisca la tutela dei diritti dell'interessato.
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Articolo 28 2.
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Il responsabile del trattamento non ricorre a un altro responsabile senza previa autorizzazione scritta, specifica o generale, del titolare del trattamento. Nel caso di autorizzazione scritta generale, il responsabile del trattamento informa il titolare del trattamento di eventuali modifiche previste riguardanti l'aggiunta o la sostituzione di altri responsabili del trattamento, dando così al titolare del trattamento l'opportunità di opporsi a tali modifiche.
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Articolo 28 3.
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I trattamenti da parte di un responsabile del trattamento sono disciplinati da un contratto o da altro atto giuridico a norma del diritto dell'Unione o degli Stati membri, che vincoli il responsabile del trattamento al titolare del trattamento e che stipuli la materia disciplinata e la durata del trattamento, la natura e la finalità del trattamento, il tipo di dati personali e le categorie di interessati, gli obblighi e i diritti del titolare del trattamento. Il contratto o altro atto giuridico prevede, in particolare, che il responsabile del trattamento:
a)
tratti i dati personali soltanto su istruzione documentata del titolare del trattamento, anche in caso di trasferimento di dati personali verso un paese terzo o un'organizzazione internazionale, salvo che lo richieda il diritto dell'Unione o nazionale cui è soggetto il responsabile del trattamento; in tal caso, il responsabile del trattamento informa il titolare del trattamento circa tale obbligo giuridico prima del trattamento, a meno che il diritto vieti tale informazione per rilevanti motivi di interesse pubblico;
b)
garantisca che le persone autorizzate al trattamento dei dati personali si siano impegnate alla riservatezza o abbiano un adeguato obbligo legale di riservatezza;
c)
adotti tutte le misure richieste ai sensi dell'articolo 32;
d)
rispetti le condizioni di cui ai paragrafi 2 e 4 per ricorrere a un altro responsabile del trattamento;
e)
tenendo conto della natura del trattamento, assista il titolare del trattamento con misure tecniche e organizzative adeguate, nella misura in cui ciò sia possibile, al fine di soddisfare l'obbligo del titolare del trattamento di dare seguito alle richieste per l'esercizio dei diritti dell'interessato di cui al capo III;
f)
assista il titolare del trattamento nel garantire il rispetto degli obblighi di cui agli articoli da 32 a 36, tenendo conto della natura del trattamento e delle informazioni a disposizione del responsabile del trattamento;
g)
su scelta del titolare del trattamento, cancelli o gli restituisca tutti i dati personali dopo che è terminata la prestazione dei servizi relativi al trattamento e cancelli le copie esistenti, salvo che il diritto dell'Unione o degli Stati membri preveda la conservazione dei dati; e
h)
metta a disposizione del titolare del trattamento tutte le informazioni necessarie per dimostrare il rispetto degli obblighi di cui al presente articolo e consenta e contribuisca alle attività di revisione, comprese le ispezioni, realizzati dal titolare del trattamento o da un altro soggetto da questi incaricato.
Con riguardo alla lettera h) del primo comma, il responsabile del trattamento informa immediatamente il titolare del trattamento qualora, a suo parere, un'istruzione violi il presente regolamento o altre disposizioni, nazionali o dell'Unione, relative alla protezione dei dati.
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Articolo 28 4.
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Quando un responsabile del trattamento ricorre a un altro responsabile del trattamento per l'esecuzione di specifiche attività di trattamento per conto del titolare del trattamento, su tale altro responsabile del trattamento sono imposti, mediante un contratto o un altro atto giuridico a norma del diritto dell'Unione o degli Stati membri, gli stessi obblighi in materia di protezione dei dati contenuti nel contratto o in altro atto giuridico tra il titolare del trattamento e il responsabile del trattamento di cui al paragrafo 3, prevedendo in particolare garanzie sufficienti per mettere in atto misure tecniche e organizzative adeguate in modo tale che il trattamento soddisfi i requisiti del presente regolamento. Qualora l'altro responsabile del trattamento ometta di adempiere ai propri obblighi in materia di protezione dei dati, il responsabile iniziale conserva nei confronti del titolare del trattamento l'intera responsabilità dell'adempimento degli obblighi dell'altro responsabile.
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Articolo 28 5.
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L'adesione da parte del responsabile del trattamento a un codice di condotta approvato di cui all'articolo 40 o a un meccanismo di certificazione approvato di cui all'articolo 42 può essere utilizzata come elemento per dimostrare le garanzie sufficienti di cui ai paragrafi 1 e 4 del presente articolo.
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Articolo 28 6.
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Fatto salvo un contratto individuale tra il titolare del trattamento e il responsabile del trattamento, il contratto o altro atto giuridico di cui ai paragrafi 3 e 4 del presente articolo può basarsi, in tutto o in parte, su clausole contrattuali tipo di cui ai paragrafi 7 e 8 del presente articolo, anche laddove siano parte di una certificazione concessa al titolare del trattamento o al responsabile del trattamento ai sensi degli articoli 42 e 43.
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Articolo 28 7.
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La Commissione può stabilire clausole contrattuali tipo per le materie di cui ai paragrafi 3 e 4 del presente articolo e secondo la procedura d'esame di cui all'articolo 93, paragrafo 2.
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Articolo 28 8.
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Un'autorità di controllo può adottare clausole contrattuali tipo per le materie di cui ai paragrafi 3 e 4 del presente articolo in conformità del meccanismo di coerenza di cui all'articolo 63.
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Articolo 28 9.
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Il contratto o altro atto giuridico di cui ai paragrafi 3 e 4 è stipulato in forma scritta, anche in formato elettronico.
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Articolo 28 10.
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Fatti salvi gli articoli 82, 83 e 84, se un responsabile del trattamento viola il presente regolamento, determinando le finalità e i mezzi del trattamento, è considerato un titolare del trattamento in questione.
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1.1 Riferimenti
1.2 Requisiti identificati
1.3 Standard correlati
2. Requisiti identificati
Requisiti
| Fonte |
Requisito |
3. Standard correlati
Standard
| Fonte |
Requisito |
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SCF
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Personal Data (PD) Inventory Automation Support
Description
Automated mechanisms exist to determine if Personal Data (PD) is maintained in electronic form.
Possible Solutions & Considerations
Micro-Small Business (<10 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 1-2
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Small Business (10-49 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 3-4
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Medium Business (50-249 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 5-6
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Large Business (250-999 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 7-8
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Enterprise (> 1,000 staff) / BLS Firm Size Class 9
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
SCR-CMM
Level 0 Not Performed
Practices are non-existent, based on the inability to demonstrate an implemented and operational capability. A reasonable person would conclude the control is not being performed.
Level 1 Performed Informally
SCR-CMM Level 1 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude this control requires a structured process.
▪ At this level of maturity, the "ad hoc" nature of performing a capability informally would indicate the intent of the control is not met due to a lack of consistency and formality.
Level 2 Planned Tracked
SCR-CMM Level 2 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude a well-defined and standardized process is required.
▪ At this level of maturity, the “requirements-driven” nature of performing the control is focused on a localized and/or regionalized implementation, not uniform and consistent across the organization.
▪ Requirements are narrowly scoped for applicability and are primarily derived from compliance obligations (e.g., laws, regulations and contracts).
Level 3 Well Defined
Privacy (PRI) capabilities are standardized across the entity for applicability to People, Processes, Technologies, Data and/or Facilities (PPTDF) to ensure consistency for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with PRI domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with PRI domain capabilities are well-documented and kept current by process owners.
▪ A data privacy team, or similar function, is appropriately staffed and supported to implement and maintain PRI domain capabilities.
▪ Technology is leveraged to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of data privacy operations (e.g., privacy notice management software and customer management solution).
▪ The entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function, works with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with PRI domain capabilities to address Minimum Compliance Requirements (MCR) (e.g., applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements) and Discretionary Security Requirements (DSR) (e.g., entity-required controls).
▪ An implemented and operational capability exists to automatically determine if Personal Data (PD) is maintained in electronic form.
Level 4 Quantitatively Controlled
Privacy (PRI) capabilities, in addition to being standardized across the entity and centrally managed to ensure consistency across Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD), efforts are metrics driven to provide sufficient insight for decision makers to predict optimal performance, ensure continued operations and/or identify areas for improvement. Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Applicable SCR-CMM Level 3 (Well Defined) capabilities are implemented and operational.
▪ Metrics reporting includes quantitative analysis of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
▪ Metrics reporting includes quantitative analysis of Key Risk Indicators (KRIs).
▪ Scope of metrics, KPIs and KRIs covers organization-wide cybersecurity and data protection controls, including functions performed by third-parties.
▪ Organizational leadership maintains a formal process to objectively review and respond to metrics, KPIs and KRIs (e.g., monthly or quarterly review).
▪ Based on metrics analysis, process improvement recommendations are submitted for review and are handled in accordance with change control processes.
▪ Business and technical stakeholders are involved in reviewing and approving proposed changes to evolve capabilities.
Level 5 Continuously Improving
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 or Level 4 (if available) criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 5 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a continuously-improving process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ Level 5 capabilities should be considered “world-class” where the control builds on Level 4 capabilities, but are continuously improving through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and/or Machine Learning (ML) technologies.
▪ While it may be possible to develop responsive capabilities for this control through the use of AI and/or ML technologies, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
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SCF
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Data Privacy Requirements for Contractors & Service Providers
Description
Mechanisms exist to include data privacy requirements in contracts and other acquisition-related documents that establish data privacy roles and responsibilities for contractors and service providers.
Possible Solutions & Considerations
Micro-Small Business (<10 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 1-2
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Small Business (10-49 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 3-4
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Medium Business (50-249 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 5-6
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Large Business (250-999 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 7-8
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Enterprise (> 1,000 staff) / BLS Firm Size Class 9
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
SCR-CMM
Level 0 Not Performed
Practices are non-existent, based on the inability to demonstrate an implemented and operational capability. A reasonable person would conclude the control is not being performed.
Level 1 Performed Informally
SCR-CMM Level 1 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude this control requires a structured process.
▪ At this level of maturity, the "ad hoc" nature of performing a capability informally would indicate the intent of the control is not met due to a lack of consistency and formality.
Level 2 Planned Tracked
SCR-CMM Level 2 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude a well-defined and standardized process is required.
▪ At this level of maturity, the “requirements-driven” nature of performing the control is focused on a localized and/or regionalized implementation, not uniform and consistent across the organization.
▪ Requirements are narrowly scoped for applicability and are primarily derived from compliance obligations (e.g., laws, regulations and contracts).
Level 3 Well Defined
Privacy (PRI) capabilities are standardized across the entity for applicability to People, Processes, Technologies, Data and/or Facilities (PPTDF) to ensure consistency for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with PRI domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with PRI domain capabilities are well-documented and kept current by process owners.
▪ A data privacy team, or similar function, is appropriately staffed and supported to implement and maintain PRI domain capabilities.
▪ Technology is leveraged to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of data privacy operations (e.g., privacy notice management software and customer management solution).
▪ The entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function, works with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with PRI domain capabilities to address Minimum Compliance Requirements (MCR) (e.g., applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements) and Discretionary Security Requirements (DSR) (e.g., entity-required controls).
▪ An implemented and operational capability exists to include data privacy requirements in contracts and other acquisition-related documents that establish data privacy roles and responsibilities for contractors and service providers.
Level 4 Quantitatively Controlled
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 4 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a quantitatively-controlled process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ While it may be possible to develop “metrics-driven” capabilities for this control, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
Level 5 Continuously Improving
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 or Level 4 (if available) criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 5 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a continuously-improving process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ Level 5 capabilities should be considered “world-class” where the control builds on Level 4 capabilities, but are continuously improving through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and/or Machine Learning (ML) technologies.
▪ While it may be possible to develop responsive capabilities for this control through the use of AI and/or ML technologies, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
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SCF
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Data Privacy Requirements for Contractors & Service Providers
Description
Mechanisms exist to include data privacy requirements in contracts and other acquisition-related documents that establish data privacy roles and responsibilities for contractors and service providers.
Possible Solutions & Considerations
Micro-Small Business (<10 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 1-2
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Small Business (10-49 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 3-4
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Medium Business (50-249 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 5-6
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Large Business (250-999 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 7-8
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
Enterprise (> 1,000 staff) / BLS Firm Size Class 9
∙ Data classification program
∙ Data privacy program
∙ Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA)
∙ Product / project management
SCR-CMM
Level 0 Not Performed
Practices are non-existent, based on the inability to demonstrate an implemented and operational capability. A reasonable person would conclude the control is not being performed.
Level 1 Performed Informally
SCR-CMM Level 1 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude this control requires a structured process.
▪ At this level of maturity, the "ad hoc" nature of performing a capability informally would indicate the intent of the control is not met due to a lack of consistency and formality.
Level 2 Planned Tracked
SCR-CMM Level 2 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude a well-defined and standardized process is required.
▪ At this level of maturity, the “requirements-driven” nature of performing the control is focused on a localized and/or regionalized implementation, not uniform and consistent across the organization.
▪ Requirements are narrowly scoped for applicability and are primarily derived from compliance obligations (e.g., laws, regulations and contracts).
Level 3 Well Defined
Privacy (PRI) capabilities are standardized across the entity for applicability to People, Processes, Technologies, Data and/or Facilities (PPTDF) to ensure consistency for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with PRI domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with PRI domain capabilities are well-documented and kept current by process owners.
▪ A data privacy team, or similar function, is appropriately staffed and supported to implement and maintain PRI domain capabilities.
▪ Technology is leveraged to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of data privacy operations (e.g., privacy notice management software and customer management solution).
▪ The entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function, works with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with PRI domain capabilities to address Minimum Compliance Requirements (MCR) (e.g., applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements) and Discretionary Security Requirements (DSR) (e.g., entity-required controls).
▪ An implemented and operational capability exists to include data privacy requirements in contracts and other acquisition-related documents that establish data privacy roles and responsibilities for contractors and service providers.
Level 4 Quantitatively Controlled
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 4 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a quantitatively-controlled process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ While it may be possible to develop “metrics-driven” capabilities for this control, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
Level 5 Continuously Improving
Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 or Level 4 (if available) criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 5 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a continuously-improving process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ Level 5 capabilities should be considered “world-class” where the control builds on Level 4 capabilities, but are continuously improving through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and/or Machine Learning (ML) technologies.
▪ While it may be possible to develop responsive capabilities for this control through the use of AI and/or ML technologies, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.
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