Article 2 2.

institutions operating social security schemes which are covered by Regulations (EC) No 883/2004 ( 1 ) and (EC) No 987/2009 ( 2 ) of the European Parliament and of the Council;

institutions which are covered by Directives 2009/65/EC ( 3 ), 2009/138/EC, 2011/61/EU ( 4 ), 2013/36/EU ( 5 ) and 2014/65/EU ( 6 ) of the European Parliament and of the Council;

institutions which operate on a pay-as-you-go basis;

institutions where employees of the sponsoring undertaking have no legal rights to benefits and where the sponsoring undertaking can redeem the assets at any time and not necessarily meet its obligations for payment of retirement benefits;

companies using book-reserve schemes with a view to paying out retirement benefits to their employees.