Article 2 2.

persons who provide crypto-asset services exclusively for their parent companies, for their own subsidiaries or for other subsidiaries of their parent companies;

a liquidator or an administrator acting in the course of an insolvency procedure, except for the purposes of Article 47;

the ECB, central banks of the Member States when acting in their capacity as monetary authorities, or other public authorities of the Member States;

the European Investment Bank and its subsidiaries;

the European Financial Stability Facility and the European Stability Mechanism;

public international organisations.