3. ESMA may also take the supervisory measure referred to in paragraph 1, point (e), in the event that an ESG rating activity of an ESG rating provider operating in the Union poses a serious threat to market integrity or to investor protection in the Union.
In order to verify whether a person is operating in the Union pursuant to Article 2(1), ESMA may use the powers conferred on it by Articles 32, 33 and 34 in respect of the person concerned or any third parties who enable the person concerned to carry out the ESG rating activity.