+DIRECTIVE (EU) 2024/1275 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 24 April 2024 on the energy performance of buildings (recast) (Text with EEA relevance)
---+Article 1 Subject matter
------+Article 1 1.
------+Article 1 2.
------+Article 1 3.
---+Article 2 Definitions
---+Article 3 National building renovation plan
------+Article 3 1.
------+Article 3 2.
------+Article 3 3.
------+Article 3 4.
------+Article 3 5.
------+Article 3 6.
------+Article 3 7.
------+Article 3 8.
------+Article 3 9.
---+Article 4 Adoption of a methodology for calculating the energy performance of buildings
---+Article 5 Setting of minimum energy performance requirements
------+Article 5 1.
------+Article 5 2.
------+Article 5 3.
---+Article 6 Calculation of cost-optimal levels of minimum energy performance requirements
------+Article 6 1.
------+Article 6 2.
------+Article 6 3.
------+Article 6 4.
---+Article 7 New buildings
------+Article 7 1.
------+Article 7 2.
------+Article 7 3.
------+Article 7 4.
------+Article 7 5.
------+Article 7 6.
---+Article 8 Existing buildings
------+Article 8 1.
------+Article 8 2.
------+Article 8 3.
---+Article 9 Minimum energy performance standards for non-residential buildings and trajectories for progressive renovation of the residential building stock
------+Article 9 1.
------+Article 9 2.
------+Article 9 3.
------+Article 9 4.
------+Article 9 5.
------+Article 9 6.
------+Article 9 7.
------+Article 9 8.
---+Article 10 Solar energy in buildings
------+Article 10 1.
------+Article 10 2.
------+Article 10 3.
------+Article 10 4.
------+Article 10 5.
---+Article 11 Zero-emission buildings
------+Article 11 1.
------+Article 11 2.
------+Article 11 3.
------+Article 11 4.
------+Article 11 5.
------+Article 11 6.
------+Article 11 7.
---+Article 12 Renovation passport
------+Article 12 1.
------+Article 12 2.
------+Article 12 3.
------+Article 12 4.
------+Article 12 5.
------+Article 12 6.
------+Article 12 7.
------+Article 12 8.
---+Article 13 Technical building systems
------+Article 13 1.
------+Article 13 2.
------+Article 13 3.
------+Article 13 4.
------+Article 13 5.
------+Article 13 6.
------+Article 13 7.
------+Article 13 8.
------+Article 13 9.
------+Article 13 10.
------+Article 13 11.
------+Article 13 12.
---+Article 14 Infrastructure for sustainable mobility
------+Article 14 1.
------+Article 14 2.
------+Article 14 3.
------+Article 14 4.
------+Article 14 5.
------+Article 14 6.
------+Article 14 7.
------+Article 14 8.
------+Article 14 9.
------+Article 14 10.
---+Article 15 Smart readiness of buildings
------+Article 15 1.
------+Article 15 2.
------+Article 15 3.
------+Article 15 4.
---+Article 16 Data exchange
------+Article 16 1.
------+Article 16 2.
------+Article 16 3.
------+Article 16 4.
------+Article 16 5.
---+Article 17 Financial incentives, skills and market barriers
------+Article 17 1.
------+Article 17 2.
------+Article 17 3.
------+Article 17 4.
------+Article 17 5.
------+Article 17 6.
------+Article 17 7.
------+Article 17 8.
------+Article 17 9.
------+Article 17 10.
------+Article 17 11.
------+Article 17 12.
------+Article 17 13.
------+Article 17 14.
------+Article 17 15.
------+Article 17 16.
------+Article 17 17.
------+Article 17 18.
------+Article 17 19.
---+Article 18 One-stop shops for the energy performance of buildings
------+Article 18 1.
------+Article 18 2.
------+Article 18 3.
---+Article 19 Energy performance certificates
------+Article 19 1.
------+Article 19 2.
------+Article 19 3.
------+Article 19 4.
------+Article 19 5.
------+Article 19 6.
------+Article 19 7.
------+Article 19 8.
------+Article 19 9.
------+Article 19 10.
------+Article 19 11.
------+Article 19 12.
------+Article 19 13.
------+Article 19 14.
---+Article 20 Issue of energy performance certificates
------+Article 20 1.
------+Article 20 2.
------+Article 20 3.
------+Article 20 4.
------+Article 20 5.
------+Article 20 6.
------+Article 20 7.
------+Article 20 8.
---+Article 21 Display of energy performance certificates
------+Article 21 1.
------+Article 21 2.
------+Article 21 3.
---+Article 22 Databases for the energy performance of buildings
------+Article 22 1.
------+Article 22 2.
------+Article 22 3.
------+Article 22 4.
------+Article 22 5.
------+Article 22 6.
------+Article 22 7.
---+Article 23 Inspections
------+Article 23 1.
------+Article 23 2.
------+Article 23 3.
------+Article 23 4.
------+Article 23 5.
------+Article 23 6.
------+Article 23 7.
------+Article 23 8.
------+Article 23 9.
---+Article 24 Reports on the inspection of heating systems, ventilation systems and air-conditioning systems
------+Article 24 1.
------+Article 24 2.
------+Article 24 3.
---+Article 25 Independent experts
------+Article 25 1.
------+Article 25 2.
---+Article 26 Certification of building professionals
------+Article 26 1.
------+Article 26 2.
---+Article 27 Independent control system
------+Article 27 1.
------+Article 27 2.
------+Article 27 3.
---+Article 28 Review
---+Article 29 Information
------+Article 29 1.
------+Article 29 2.
------+Article 29 3.
------+Article 29 4.
---+Article 30 Consultation
---+Article 31 Adaptation of Annex I to technical progress
---+Article 32 Exercise of the delegation
------+Article 32 1.
------+Article 32 2.
------+Article 32 3.
------+Article 32 4.
------+Article 32 5.
------+Article 32 6.
---+Article 33 Committee procedure
------+Article 33 1.
------+Article 33 2.
------+Article 33 3.
---+Article 34 Penalties
---+Article 35 Transposition
------+Article 35 1.
------+Article 35 2.
---+Article 36 Repeal
---+Article 37 Entry into force and application
---+Article 38 Addressees
---+ANNEX I Common general framework for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings
---+ANNEX II Template for the national building renovation plans
---+ANNEX III Calculation of life-cycle GWP of new buildings pursuant to Article 7(2)
---+ANNEX IV Common general framework for rating the smart readiness of buildings
---+ANNEX V Template for energy performance certificates
---+ANNEX VI Independent control systems for energy performance certificates
---+ANNEX VII
---+ANNEX VIII Requirements for renovation passports
---+ANNEX IX
---+ANNEX X Correlation table
 English - European Union - Energy - Environment -

DIRECTIVE (EU) 2024/1275 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 24 April 2024 on the energy performance of buildings (recast) (Text with EEA relevance)

DIRECTIVE (EU) 2024/1275 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL

of 24 April 2024

on the energy performance of buildings

(recast)

(Text with EEA relevance)

1. Ħarsa ġenerali

,
Article 1 Subject matter
Article 2 Definitions

Article 2

Definitions

For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions apply:

(1) 

‘building’ means a roofed construction having walls, for which energy is used to condition the indoor environment;

(2) 

‘zero-emission building’ means a building with a very high energy performance, as determined in accordance with Annex I, requiring zero or a very low amount of energy, producing zero on-site carbon emissions from fossil fuels and producing zero or a very low amount of operational greenhouse gas emissions, in accordance with Article 11;

(3) 

‘nearly zero-energy building’ means a building with a very high energy performance, as determined in accordance with Annex I, which is no worse than the 2023 cost-optimal level reported by Member States pursuant to Article 6(2) and where the nearly zero or very low amount of energy required is covered to a very significant extent by energy from renewable sources, including energy from renewable sources produced on-site or energy from renewable sources produced nearby;

(4) 

‘minimum energy performance standards’ means rules that require existing buildings to meet an energy performance requirement as part of a wide renovation plan for a building stock or at a trigger point on the market such as sale, rent, donation or change of purpose within the cadastre or land registry, in a period of time or by a specific date, thereby triggering the renovation of existing buildings;

(5) 

‘public bodies’ means public bodies as defined in Article 2, point (12), of Directive (EU) 2023/1791;

(6) 

‘technical building system’ means technical equipment of a building or building unit for space heating, space cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water, built-in lighting, building automation and control, on-site renewable energy generation and energy storage, or a combination thereof, including those systems using energy from renewable sources;

(7) 

‘building automation and control system’ means a system comprising all products, software and engineering services that can support energy-efficient, economical and safe operation of technical building systems through automatic controls and by facilitating the manual management of those technical building systems;

(8) 

‘energy performance of a building’ means the calculated or metered amount of energy needed to meet the energy demand associated with a typical use of the building, which includes energy used for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water and lighting;

(9) 

‘primary energy’ means energy from renewable and non-renewable sources which has not undergone any conversion or transformation process;

(10) 

‘metered’ means measured by a relevant device, such as an energy meter, a power meter, a power metering and monitoring device, or an electricity meter;

(11) 

‘non-renewable primary energy factor’ means an indicator that is calculated by dividing the primary energy from non-renewable sources for a given energy carrier, including the delivered energy and the calculated energy overheads of delivery to the points of use, by the delivered energy;

(12) 

‘renewable primary energy factor’ means an indicator that is calculated by dividing the primary energy from renewable sources from an on-site, nearby or distant energy source that is delivered via a given energy carrier, including the delivered energy and the calculated energy overheads of delivery to the points of use, by the delivered energy;

(13) 

‘total primary energy factor’ means the sum of renewable and non-renewable primary energy factors for a given energy carrier;

(14) 

‘energy from renewable sources’ means energy from renewable non-fossil sources, namely wind, solar (solar thermal and solar photovoltaic) and geothermal energy, osmotic energy, ambient energy, tide, wave and other ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas, and biogas;

(15) 

‘building envelope’ means the integrated elements of a building which separate its interior from the outdoor environment;

(16) 

‘building unit’ means a section, floor or apartment within a building which is designed or altered to be used separately;

(17) 

‘building element’ means a technical building system or an element of the building envelope;

(18) 

‘residential building or building unit’ means a room or suite of rooms in a permanent building or a structurally separated part of a building which is designed for all-year habitation by one private household;

(19) 

‘renovation passport’ means a tailored roadmap for the deep renovation of a specific building in a maximum number of steps that will significantly improve its energy performance;

(20) 

‘deep renovation’ means a renovation which is in line with the ‘energy efficiency first’ principle, which focuses on essential building elements and which transforms a building or building unit:

(a) 

before 1 January 2030, into a nearly zero-energy building;

(b) 

from 1 January 2030, into a zero-emission building;

(21) 

‘staged deep renovation’ means a deep renovation carried out in a maximum number of steps, asset out in a renovation passport;

(22) 

‘major renovation’ means the renovation of a building where:

(a) 

the total cost of the renovation relating to the building envelope or the technical building systems is higher than 25 % of the value of the building, excluding the value of the land upon which the building is situated; or

(b) 

more than 25 % of the surface of the building envelope undergoes renovation.

Member States may choose to apply point (a) or (b);

(23) 

‘operational greenhouse gas emissions’ means greenhouse gas emissions associated with the energy consumption of the technical building systems during the use and operation of the building;

(24) 

‘whole-life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions’ means greenhouse gas emissions that occur over the whole life cycle of a building, including the production and transport of construction products, construction-site activities, the use of energy in the building and replacement of construction products, as well as demolition, transport and management of waste materials and their reuse, recycling and final disposal;

(25) 

‘life-cycle global warming potential’ or ‘life-cycle GWP’ means an indicator which quantifies the global warming potential contributions of a building along its full life cycle;

(26) 

‘split incentives’ means split incentives as defined in Article 2, point (54), of Directive (EU) 2023/1791;

(27) 

‘energy poverty’ means energy poverty as defined in Article 2, point (52), of Directive (EU) 2023/1791;

(28) 

‘vulnerable households’ means households in energy poverty or households, including lower middle-income households, that are particularly exposed to high energy costs and that lack the means to renovate the building that they occupy;

(29) 

‘European standard’ means a standard adopted by the European Committee for Standardization, the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization or the European Telecommunications Standards Institute and made available for public use;

(30) 

‘energy performance certificate’ means a certificate, recognised by a Member State or by a legal person designated by it, which indicates the energy performance of a building or building unit, calculated in accordance with a methodology adopted pursuant to Article 4;

(31) 

‘cogeneration’ means the simultaneous generation in one process of thermal energy and electrical or mechanical energy;

(32) 

‘cost-optimal level’ means the energy performance level which leads to the lowest cost during the estimated economic life cycle, where:

(a) 

the lowest cost is determined taking into account:

(i) 

the category and use of the building concerned;

(ii) 

energy-related investment costs on the basis of official forecasts;

(iii) 

maintenance and operating costs, including energy costs taking into account the cost of greenhouse gas allowances;

(iv) 

environmental and health externalities of energy use;

(v) 

earnings from energy produced on-site, where applicable;

(vi) 

waste management costs, where applicable; and

(b) 

the estimated economic life cycle is determined by each Member State and refers to the remaining estimated economic life cycle of a building where energy performance requirements are set for the building as a whole, or to the estimated economic life cycle of a building element where energy performance requirements are set for building elements.

The cost-optimal level shall lie within the range of performance levels where the cost-benefit analysis calculated over the estimated economic life cycle is positive;

(33) 

‘recharging point’ means a recharging point as defined in Article 2, point (48), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 1 );

(34) 

‘pre-cabling’ means all measures that are necessary to enable the installation of recharging points, including data transmission, cables, cable routes and, where necessary, electricity meters;

(35) 

‘roofed car park’ means a roofed construction, with at least three car parking spaces, that does not use energy to condition the indoor environment;

(36) 

‘micro-isolated system’ means any system with consumption less than 500 GWh in the year 2022, where there is no connection with other systems;

(37) 

‘smart recharging’ means smart recharging as defined in Article 2, second paragraph, point (14m), of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 2 );

(38) 

‘bi-directional recharging’ means bi-directional recharging as defined in Article 2, point (11), of Regulation (EU) 2023/1804;

(39) 

‘mortgage portfolio standards’ means mechanisms incentivising mortgage lenders to establish a path to increase the median energy performance of the portfolio of buildings covered by their mortgages towards 2030 and 2050, and to encourage potential clients to improve the energy performance of their property in line with the Union’s decarbonisation ambition and relevant energy targets in the area of energy consumption in buildings, relying on the criteria for determining environmentally sustainable economic activities set out in Article 3 of Regulation (EU) 2020/852;

(40) 

‘pay-as-you-save financial scheme’ means a loan scheme dedicated exclusively to energy performance improvements where a correlation is established in the designing of the scheme between the repayments on the loan and the achieved energy savings, also taking into account other economic factors such as the indexation of the energy cost, interest rates, increased asset value and loan re-financing;

(41) 

‘digital building logbook’ means a common repository for all relevant building data, including data related to energy performance such as energy performance certificates, renovation passports and smart readiness indicators, as well as data related to the life-cycle GWP, which facilitates informed decision making and information sharing within the construction sector, and among building owners and occupants, financial institutions and public bodies;

(42) 

‘air-conditioning system’ means a combination of the components required to provide a form of indoor air treatment, by which temperature is controlled or can be lowered;

(43) 

‘heating system’ means a combination of the components required to provide a form of indoor air treatment, by which the temperature is increased;

(44) 

‘ventilation system’ means the technical building system which provides outdoor air to a space by natural or mechanical means;

(45) 

‘heat generator’ means the part of a heating system that generates useful heat for uses identified in Annex I, using one or more of the following processes:

(a) 

the combustion of fuels in, for example, a boiler;

(b) 

the Joule effect, taking place in the heating elements of an electric resistance heating system;

(c) 

capturing heat from ambient air, ventilation exhaust air, or a water or ground heat source using a heat pump;

(46) 

‘cooling generator’ means the part of an air-conditioning system that generates useful cooling for uses identified in Annex I;

(47) 

‘energy performance contracting’ means energy performance contracting as defined in Article 2, point (33), of Directive (EU) 2023/1791;

(48) 

‘boiler’ means the combined boiler body-burner unit, designed to transmit to fluids the heat released from burning;

(49) 

‘effective rated output’ means the maximum calorific output, expressed in kW, specified and guaranteed by the manufacturer as being deliverable during continuous operation while complying with the useful efficiency indicated by the manufacturer;

(50) 

‘district heating’ or ‘district cooling’ means the distribution of thermal energy in the form of steam, hot water or chilled liquids, from a central or decentralised source of production through a network to multiple buildings or sites, for the use of space or process heating or cooling;

(51) 

‘useful floor area’ means the area of the floor of a building needed as parameter to quantify specific conditions of use that are expressed per unit of floor area and for the application of the simplifications and the zoning and allocation or re-allocation rules;

(52) 

‘reference floor area’ means the floor area used as reference size for the assessment of the energy performance of a building, calculated as the sum of the useful floor areas of the spaces within the building envelope specified for the energy performance assessment;

(53) 

‘assessment boundary’ means the boundary where the delivered energy and exported energy are measured or calculated;

(54) 

‘on-site’ means in or on a particular building or on the land on which that building is located;

(55) 

‘energy from renewable sources produced nearby’ means energy from renewable sources, produced within a local or district-level perimeter of a particular building, which fulfils all of the following conditions:

(a) 

it can be distributed and used only within that local and district-level perimeter through a dedicated distribution network;

(b) 

it allows for the calculation of a specific primary energy factor valid only for the energy from renewable sources produced within that local or district-level perimeter; and

(c) 

it can be used on-site through a dedicated connection to the energy production source, where that dedicated connection requires specific equipment for the safe supply and metering of energy for self-use of the building;

(56) 

‘services related to the energy performance of buildings’ or ‘EPB services’ means the services, such as heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water and lighting and others for which the energy use is taken into account in the calculation of the energy performance of buildings;

(57) 

‘energy needs’ means the energy to be delivered to, or extracted from, a conditioned space to maintain the intended space conditions during a given period of time, disregarding any technical building system inefficiencies;

(58) 

‘energy use’ or ‘energy consumption’ means energy input to a technical building system providing an EPB service intended to satisfy an energy need;

(59) 

‘self-use’ means the use of energy from renewable sources produced on-site or energy from renewable sources produced nearby by on-site technical systems for EPB services;

(60) 

‘other on-site uses’ means on-site uses other than EPB services, including appliances, miscellaneous and ancillary loads, or electro-mobility recharging points;

(61) 

‘calculation interval’ means the discrete time interval used for the calculation of the energy performance;

(62) 

‘delivered energy’ means energy, expressed per energy carrier, supplied to the technical building systems through the assessment boundary, to satisfy the uses taken into account or to produce the exported energy;

(63) 

‘exported energy’ means the proportion of the renewable energy, expressed per energy carrier and per primary energy factor, that is exported to the energy grid instead of being used on-site for self-use or for other on-site uses;

(64) 

‘bicycle parking space’ means a designated space for parking at least one bicycle;

(65) 

‘car park physically adjacent to a building’ means a car park which is intended for the use of residents, visitors or workers of a building and which is located within the property area of the building or is in the direct vicinity of the building;

(66) 

‘indoor environmental quality’ means the result of an assessment of the conditions inside a building that influence the health and wellbeing of its occupants, based upon parameters such as those relating to the temperature, humidity, ventilation rate and presence of contaminants.
Article 3 National building renovation plan
Article 4 Adoption of a methodology for calculating the energy performance of buildings

Article 4

Adoption of a methodology for calculating the energy performance of buildings

Member States shall apply a methodology for calculating the energy performance of buildings in accordance with the common general framework set out in Annex I. That methodology shall be adopted at national or regional level.

The Commission shall issue guidance for the calculation of the energy performance of transparent building elements that form part of the building envelope and the consideration of ambient energy.
Article 5 Setting of minimum energy performance requirements
Article 6 Calculation of cost-optimal levels of minimum energy performance requirements
Article 7 New buildings
Article 8 Existing buildings
Article 9 Minimum energy performance standards for non-residential buildings and trajectories for progressive renovation of the residential building stock
Article 10 Solar energy in buildings
Article 11 Zero-emission buildings
Article 12 Renovation passport
Article 13 Technical building systems
Article 14 Infrastructure for sustainable mobility
Article 15 Smart readiness of buildings
Article 16 Data exchange
Article 17 Financial incentives, skills and market barriers
Article 18 One-stop shops for the energy performance of buildings
Article 19 Energy performance certificates
Article 20 Issue of energy performance certificates
Article 21 Display of energy performance certificates
Article 22 Databases for the energy performance of buildings
Article 23 Inspections
Article 24 Reports on the inspection of heating systems, ventilation systems and air-conditioning systems
Article 25 Independent experts
Article 26 Certification of building professionals
Article 27 Independent control system
Article 28 Review

Article 28

Review

The Commission, assisted by the Committee referred to in Article 33, shall review this Directive by 31 December 2028, in light of the experience gained and progress made during its application, and, if necessary, make proposals.

As part of that review, the Commission shall assess whether the application of this Directive in combination with other legislative instruments addressing energy performance and greenhouse gas emissions from buildings, in particular through carbon pricing, deliver sufficient progress towards achieving a fully decarbonised, zero-emission building stock by 2050, or whether further binding measures at Union level, in particular mandatory minimum energy performance standards across the whole building stock, need to be introduced, including in order to ensure that the values for 2030 and 2035 set out in Article 9(2) can be achieved. The Commission shall also assess the national roadmaps and in particular the planned limit values for the life-cycle GWP of new buildings pursuant to Article 7(4) and shall consider whether additional measures promoting a sustainable built environment are needed. The Commission shall also examine in what manner Member States could apply integrated district or neighbourhood approaches in Union building and energy efficiency policy, while ensuring that each building meets the minimum energy performance requirements, for example by means of integrated renovation programmes and overall renovation schemes applying to a number of buildings in a spatial context instead of a single building. The Commission shall also assess whether alternative indicators, such as final energy use and energy needs would be better suited for the purposes of Annex I.
Article 29 Information
Article 30 Consultation

Article 30

Consultation

In order to facilitate the effective implementation of this Directive, Member States shall consult the stakeholders involved, including local and regional authorities, in accordance with the national law applicable and as relevant. Such consultation is of particular importance for the application of Article 29.
Article 31 Adaptation of Annex I to technical progress

Article 31

Adaptation of Annex I to technical progress

The Commission shall adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 32 to amend this Directive concerning the adaptation of points 4 and 5 of Annex I to technical progress.
Article 32 Exercise of the delegation
Article 33 Committee procedure
Article 34 Penalties

Article 34

Penalties

Member States shall lay down the rules on penalties applicable to infringements of national provisions adopted pursuant to this Directive and shall take all measures necessary to ensure that they are implemented. The penalties provided for must be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. Member States shall, without delay, notify the Commission of those rules and of those measures and shall notify it, without delay, of any subsequent amendment affecting them.
Article 35 Transposition
Article 36 Repeal

Article 36

Repeal

Directive 2010/31/EU, as amended by the acts listed in Part A of Annex IX, is repealed with effect from 30 May 2026, without prejudice to the obligations of the Member States relating to the time-limits for the transposition into national law and the dates of application of the Directives set out in Part B of Annex IX.

References to the repealed Directive shall be construed as references to this Directive and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex X.
Article 37 Entry into force and application

Article 37

Entry into force and application

This Directive shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Articles 30, 31, 33 and 34 shall apply from 30 May 2026.
Article 38 Addressees

Article 38

Addressees

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
ANNEX I Common general framework for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings



ANNEX I

Common general framework for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings

(referred to in Article 4)

1. The energy performance of a building shall be determined on the basis of calculated or metered energy use and shall reflect typical energy use for space heating, space cooling, domestic hot water, ventilation, built-in lighting and other technical building systems. Member States shall ensure that the typical energy use is representative of actual operating conditions for each relevant typology and reflects the typical user behaviour. Where possible, typical energy use and typical user behaviour shall be based on available national statistics, building codes and metered data.

Where metered energy use is the basis for calculating the energy performance of buildings, the calculation methodology shall be capable of identifying the influence of the behaviour of occupants and the local climate, which shall not be reflected in the result of the calculation. Metered energy use for the purpose of calculating the energy performance of buildings shall require readings of at least monthly intervals and must differentiate between energy carriers.

Member States may use metered energy consumption under typical operating conditions to verify the correctness of the calculated energy use and enable comparison between calculated and actual performance. Metered energy consumption for the purposes of verification and comparison may be based on monthly readings.

The energy performance of a building shall be expressed by a numeric indicator of primary energy use per unit of reference floor area per year, in kWh/(m2.y) for the purposes of both energy performance certification and compliance with minimum energy performance requirements. The methodology applied for the determination of the energy performance of a building shall be transparent and open to innovation.

Member States shall describe their national calculation methodology on the basis of Annex A to the key European standards on the energy performance of buildings, namely (EN) ISO 52000-1, (EN) ISO 52003-1, (EN) ISO 52010-1, (EN) ISO 52016-1, (EN) ISO 52018-1, (EN) ISO 52120-1, EN 16798-1 and EN 17423 or superseding documents. This provision shall not constitute a legal codification of those standards.

Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure that, where buildings are supplied by district heating or cooling systems, the benefits of such supply are recognised and accounted for in the calculation methodology, in particular the renewable energy share, through individually certified or recognised primary energy factors.

2. The energy needs and energy use for space heating, space cooling, domestic hot water, ventilation, lighting and other technical building systems shall be calculated using monthly, hourly or sub-hourly time calculation intervals in order to account for varying conditions that significantly affect the operation and performance of the system and the indoor conditions, and to optimise health, indoor air quality, including comfort levels, defined by Member States at national or regional level.

Where product-specific regulations for energy-related products adopted under Directive 2009/125/EC include specific product information requirements for the purpose of calculating energy performance and life-cycle GWP under this Directive, national calculation methods shall not require additional information.

The calculation of primary energy shall be based on regularly updated and forward-looking primary energy factors (distinguishing non-renewable, renewable and total) or weighting factors per energy carrier, which have to be recognised by the national authorities and taking into account the expected energy mix on the basis of its national energy and climate plan. Those primary energy factors or weighting factors may be based on national, regional or local information. Primary energy factors or weighting factors may be set on an annual, seasonal, monthly, daily or hourly basis or on more specific information made available for individual district systems.

Primary energy factors or weighting factors shall be defined by Member States. The choices made and data sources shall be reported according to EN 17423 or any superseding document. Member States may opt for an average Union primary energy factor for electricity established pursuant to Directive (EU) 2023/1791 instead of a primary energy factor reflecting the electricity mix in the country.

3. For the purpose of expressing the energy performance of a building, Member States shall define additional numeric indicators of total, non-renewable and renewable primary energy use, and of operational greenhouse gas emissions produced in kgCO2eq/(m2.y).

4. The methodology shall be laid down taking into consideration at least the following aspects:

(a) 

the following actual thermal characteristics of the building including its internal partitions:

(i) 

thermal capacity;

(ii) 

insulation;

(iii) 

passive heating;

(iv) 

cooling elements;

(v) 

thermal bridges;

(b) 

heating installation and domestic hot-water supply, including their insulation characteristics;

(c) 

capacity of installed on-site renewable energy generation and energy storage;

(d) 

air-conditioning installations;

(e) 

natural and mechanical ventilation which may include air-tightness and heat recovery;

(f) 

built-in lighting installation (mainly in the non-residential sector);

(g) 

the design, positioning and orientation of the building, including outdoor climate;

(h) 

passive solar systems and solar protection;

(i) 

indoor climatic conditions, including the designed indoor climate;

(j) 

internal loads;

(k) 

building automation and control systems and their capabilities to monitor, control and optimise energy performance.

5. The positive influence of the following aspects shall be taken into account:

(a) 

local solar exposure conditions, active solar systems and other heating and electricity systems on the basis of energy from renewable sources;

(b) 

electricity produced by cogeneration;

(c) 

district or block heating and cooling systems;

(d) 

natural lighting;

(e) 

electrical storage systems;

(f) 

thermal storage systems.

6. For the purposes of the calculation of the energy performance of buildings, buildings should be adequately classified into the following categories:

(a) 

single-family houses of different types;

(b) 

apartment blocks;

(c) 

offices;

(d) 

educational buildings;

(e) 

hospitals;

(f) 

hotels and restaurants;

(g) 

sports facilities;

(h) 

wholesale and retail trade services buildings;

(i) 

other types of energy-consuming buildings.
ANNEX II Template for the national building renovation plans



ANNEX II

Template for the national building renovation plans

(referred to in Article 3)



This Directive Article 3

Mandatory indicators

Optional indicators

(a)  Overview of the national building stock

Number of buildings and total floor area (m2):

— per building type (including public buildings and social housing)

— per energy performance class

— nearly zero-energy buildings

— worst-performing buildings (including a definition)

— the 43 % worst-performing residential buildings

— estimation of the share of buildings exempted pursuant to Article 9(6), point (b)

Number of buildings and total floor area (m2):

— per building age

— per building size

— per climatic zone

— demolition (number and total floor area (m2))

Number of energy performance certificates:

— per building type (including public buildings)

— per energy performance class

Number of energy performance certificates:

— per construction period

Annual renovation rates: number and total floor area (m2)

— per building type

— to nearly zero-energy and/or to zero-emission building levels

— per renovation depth (weighted average renovation)

— public buildings

 

Primary and final annual energy consumption (ktoe):

— per building type

— per end use

Energy savings (ktoe):

— residential buildings

— non-residential buildings

— public buildings

Average primary energy use in kWh/(m2.y) for residential buildings

Share of renewable energy in the building sector (MW installed or GWh generated):

— for different uses

Reduction in energy costs (EUR) per household (average)

Primary energy use of a building corresponding to the top 15 % (substantial contribution threshold) and the top 30 % (do no significant harm threshold) of the national building stock, as per Delegated Regulation (EU) 2021/2139

Share of heating system in the building sector per boiler/heating system type

Share of renewable energy in the building sector (MW installed or GWh generated):

— on-site

— off-site

Annual operational greenhouse gas emissions (kgCO2eq/(m2.y):

— per building type

Annual operational greenhouse gas emission reduction (kgCO2eq/(m2.y):

— per building type

Life-cycle GWP (kgCO2eq/m2) in new buildings:

— per building type

Market barriers and failures (description):

— split incentives

— capacity of construction and energy sector

Evaluation of the capacities in the construction, energy efficiency and renewable energy sectors

Market barriers and failures (description):

— administrative

— financial

— technical

— awareness

— other

Number of:

— energy service companies

— construction companies

— architects and engineers

— skilled workers

— one-stop shops

— SMEs in the construction/renovation sector

— renewable energy communities and citizen-led renovation initiatives

Projections of the construction workforce:

— retiring architects/engineers/skilled workers

— architects/engineers/skilled workers entering the market

— young people in the sector

— women in the sector

Overview and forecast of the evolution of prices of construction materials and national market developments

Energy poverty (definition):

— % of people affected by energy poverty

— proportion of disposable household income spent on energy

— population living in inadequate dwelling conditions (e.g. leaking roof) or with inadequate thermal comfort conditions

 

Primary energy factors:

— per energy carrier

— non-renewable primary energy factor

— renewable primary energy factor

— total primary energy factor

 

Definition of nearly-zero energy building for new and existing buildings

Overview of the legal and administrative framework

Cost-optimal minimum energy performance requirements for new and existing buildings

 

(b)  Roadmap for 2030, 2040, 2050

Targets for annual renovation rates: number and total floor area (m2):

— per building type

— worst-performing buildings

— the 43 % worst-performing residential buildings

Information pursuant to Article 9(1):

— criteria to exempt individual non-residential buildings

— estimated share of exempted non-residential buildings

— estimation of equivalent energy performance improvements due to exempted non-residential buildings

Targets for expected share (%) of renovated buildings:

— per building type

— per renovation depth

Targets for expected primary and final annual energy consumption (ktoe):

— per building type

— per end use

Expected energy savings:

— per building type

Targets for the increase in the share of renewable energy in accordance with Article 15a of Directive (EU) 2018/2001

Numerical targets for the deployment of solar energy in buildings

Share of energy from renewable sources in the building sector (MW installed or GWh generated)

Targets for expected operational greenhouse gas emissions (kgCO2eq/(m2.y):

— per building type

Targets for expected operational greenhouse gas emission reduction (%):

— per building type

Split between emissions covered by Chapter III [stationary installations], Chapter IVa [emissions trading system for buildings, road transport and additional sectors] of Directive 2003/87/EC, and other stock;

Targets for expected whole-life-cycle greenhouse gas emission (kgCO2eq/(m2.y) in new buildings:

— per building type

Expected wider benefits:

— % reduction of people affected by energy poverty

— Creation of new jobs

— Increase in GDP (share and billion euros)

The Member State’s contribution to the Union’s energy efficiency targets in accordance with Article 4 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791 attributable to its building stock’s renovation (share and figure in ktoe)

 

The Member State’s contribution to the Union’s renewable energy targets in accordance with Directive (EU) 2018/2001 attributable to its building stock’s renovation (share, MW installed or GWh generated)

 

(c)  Overview of implemented and planned policies and measures

Policies and measures with regard to the following elements:

(a)  the identification of cost-effective approaches to renovation for different building types and climatic zones, considering potential relevant trigger points in the life cycle of the building;

(b)  national minimum energy performance standards pursuant to Article 9 and other policies and actions to target the worst-performing segments of the national building stock, including safeguards as referred to in Article 17(19);

(c)  the promotion of deep renovation of buildings, including staged deep renovation;

(d)  empowering and protecting vulnerable customers and the alleviation of energy poverty, including policies and measures pursuant to Article 24 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791, and housing affordability;

(e)  the creation of one-stop shops or similar mechanisms pursuant to Article 18 for the provision of technical, administrative and financial advice and assistance;

(f)  the decarbonisation of heating and cooling, including through district heating and cooling networks, and the phasing out of fossil fuels in heating and cooling with a view to a complete phasing out of fossil fuel boilers by 2040;

(g)  prevention and high-quality treatment of construction and demolition waste in accordance with Directive 2008/98/EC, in particular as regards the waste hierarchy, and the objectives of the circular economy;

(h)  the promotion of renewable energy sources in buildings in line with the indicative target for the share of energy from renewable sources in the building sector laid down in Article 15a(1) of Directive (EU) 2018/2001;

(i)  the deployment of solar energy installations on buildings;

(j)  the reduction of whole-life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions for the construction, renovation, operation and end of life of buildings, and the uptake of carbon removals;

(k)  the promotion of district and neighbourhood approaches and integrated renovation programmes at district level, which may address issues such as energy, mobility, green infrastructure, waste and water treatment and other aspects of urban planning and may take into account local and regional resources, circularity and sufficiency;

(l)  the improvement of buildings owned by public bodies, including policies and measures pursuant to Articles 5, 6 and 7 of Directive (EU) 2023/1791;

(m)  the promotion of smart technologies and infrastructure for sustainable mobility in buildings;

(n)  addressing market barriers and market failures;

(o)  addressing skills gaps and promoting education, targeted training, upskilling and reskilling in the construction sector and energy efficiency and renewable energy sectors (whether public or private), with a view to ensuring that there is a sufficient workforce with the appropriate level of skills corresponding to the needs in the building sector, with a special focus on the underrepresented groups;

(p)  awareness-raising campaigns and other advisory tools; and

(q)  promotion of modular and industrialised solutions for construction and building renovation.

For all policies and measures:

— name of policy or measure

— short description (precise scope, objective and conditions of operation)

— quantified objective

— type of policy or measure (such as legislative; economic; fiscal; training, awareness)

— planned budget and funding sources

— entities responsible for implementing the policy

— expected impact

— status of implementation

— date of entry into force

— implementation period

Policies and measures with regard to the following elements:

(a)  the increase in the climate resilience of buildings;

(b)  the promotion of the energy services market;

(c)  the increase in fire safety;

(d)  the increase in resilience against disaster risks, including risks related to intense seismic activity;

(e)  the removal of hazardous substances including asbestos;

(f)  accessibility for persons with disabilities;

(g)  the role of renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities in district and neighbourhood approaches;

(h)  addressing mismatches in human capacities; and

(i)  addressing the improvement of indoor environmental quality.

For all policies and measures:

— administrative resources and capacities

— area(s) covered

— worst-performing

— minimum energy performance standards

— energy poverty, social housing

— public buildings

— residential (single-family, multi-family)

— non-residential

— industry

— renewable energy sources

— phasing out of fossil fuels in heating and cooling

— whole-lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions

— circular economy and waste

— one-stop shops

— renovation passports

— smart technologies

— sustainable mobility in buildings

— district and neighbourhood approaches

— skills, training

— awareness campaigns and advisory tools

(d)  Outline of the investment needs, the budgetary sources and the administrative resources

— total investment needs for 2030, 2040, 2050 (million EUR)

— public investments (million EUR)

— private investments (million EUR)

— budgetary resources

 

(e)  Thresholds of new and renovated zero-emission buildings, referred to in Article 11

— operational greenhouse gas emissions thresholds of new zero-emission buildings;

— operational greenhouse gas emissions thresholds of renovated zero-emission buildings;

— annual primary energy use thresholds of new zero-emission buildings;

— annual primary energy use thresholds of renovated zero-emission buildings

 

(f)  Minimum energy performance standards for non-residential buildings

— maximum energy performance thresholds, pursuant to Article 9(1)

 

(g)  National trajectory for the progressive renovation of the residential building stock

— the national trajectory for the progressive renovation of the residential building stock, including the 2030 and 2035 milestones for average primary energy use in kWh/(m2.y), pursuant to Article 9(2)

 
ANNEX III Calculation of life-cycle GWP of new buildings pursuant to Article 7(2)



ANNEX III

Calculation of life-cycle GWP of new buildings pursuant to Article 7(2)

1.   GENERAL FRAMEWORK

This annex sets out a Union framework for the national calculation of life-cycle GWP, with a view to the disclosure of the results in the energy performance certificate of the building pursuant to Article 7(2). For the verification of compliance with a limit value pursuant to Article 7(5), Member States may decide to leave out some parts of life-cycle stages and some parts of the scope of building components, for example by applying weighted coefficients associated with the date of emission during the building’s life cycle.

The life-cycle GWP of new buildings shall be calculated in accordance with the minimum requirements set out in this Annex and following the relevant parts of the standard EN 15978 (EN 15978:2011 Sustainability of construction works. Assessment of environmental performance of buildings. Calculation method) and taking into account any subsequent standard relating to the sustainability of construction works and the calculation method for the assessment of environmental performance of buildings. This does not constitute a legal codification of this standard.

The life-cycle GWP disclosed in the energy performance certificate (EPC) of the building shall reflect the as-built stage.

2.   REFERENCE STUDY PERIOD

The life-cycle GWP shall be calculated over a reference study period of 50 years ( 9 ).

3.   DATA FOR CALCULATION

Data issued in accordance with Regulations (EU) No 305/2011 ( 10 ) or (EU) 2024/3110 ( 11 ) of the European Parliament and of the Council, referred to as ‘data available under the Construction Products Regulation’ in Table 1, shall be used when available. If compatible with ‘data available under the Construction Products Regulation’, data issued in accordance with product regulations adopted on the basis of Directive 2009/125/EC, Regulation (EU) 2017/1369, or Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 12 ), referred to as ‘data available under ecodesign and energy labelling legislation’ in Table 1, shall also be used. If such data are unavailable, other types of data referred to in Table 1 may be used. Member States shall ensure the highest possible accuracy and reliability of the results of the life-cycle GWP calculation and are encouraged to allow the use of project-specific or product-specific data which have higher quality and higher precision than generic data or default values.



Table 1

Overview of definitions of different type of construction product data

Type of data

Definition and use

Data available under the Construction Products Regulation

Product data of climate change effects obtained from the declaration of performance and conformity (DoPC) under Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 or Regulation (EU) 2024/3110, including DoPC covered by a harmonised technical specification and DoPC issued in accordance with the relevant European assessment document and European technical assessment.

Data available under ecodesign and energy labelling legislation

Compatible data issued in accordance with product regulations adopted on the basis of Directive 2009/125/EC, Regulation (EU)2017/1369 or Regulation (EU) 2024/1781.

Project-specific data

Project-specific data calculated in accordance with standard EN 15804 or EN 50693 or a compatible standard, although not issued under Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 or Regulation (EU) 2024/3110 or product regulations adopted on the basis of Directive 2009/125/EC, Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 or Regulation (EU) 2024/1781. Those data may be used only if they are specifically permitted by national legislation.

Product-specific data

Product-specific data calculated in accordance with standard EN 15804 or EN 50693 or a compatible standard, although not issued under Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 or Regulation (EU) 2024/3110 or product regulations adopted on the basis of Directive 2009/125/EC, Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 or Regulation (EU) 2024/1781. Those data may be used only if they are specifically permitted by national legislation.

Average data for a product group in accordance with standard EN 15804 or EN 50693

Sectoral environmental data represent the average of multiple products from one or more companies and are provided by industrial associations or other equivalent organisations that cover the product. Those data may be used only if they are specifically permitted by national legislation.

Generic data

Generic environmental data calculated in accordance with standard EN 15804 or EN 50693 or a compatible standard for a group of products for a country or region. Those data may not be site or enterprise specific. Member States shall set clear rules as to how those data are to be generated or calculated, on the basis of similar existing product-specific data. Those rules shall be based on conservative assumptions, so as not to favour generic data on an unfair basis over product-specific data. Member States may establish generic data for reused construction products, taking into account the benefits of circular approaches.

Default values

Environmental data calculated in accordance with standard EN 15804 or EN 50693 or a compatible standard may be used to fill data gaps, where none of the above types of data are available, or where it is necessary to simplify the calculation. Default values may be set out for a specific scope of a building element or multiple building elements, or for a scope of a life-cycle sub-module or a life-cycle module, or multiple life-cycle sub-modules or multiple life-cycle modules. Member States may set default values with conservative assumptions that encourage the calculation with specific data when available. Member States may set a series of default values that ensures that the disclosure of the life-cycle GWP of new buildings, pursuant to Article 7(2), is possible even in the absence of any specific data.

Member States shall set out clear rules, with a consistent and conservative approach, to generate and update generic data and default values. Member States shall ensure that the necessary data, including generic data and default values, are made publicly available, allowing life-cycle GWP calculations for new buildings by the dates set out in Article 7(2), including in cases where project-specific or product-specific data are not available.

For data types other than data available under the Construction Products Regulation or under ecodesign and energy labelling legislation, Member States are encouraged to limit market fragmentation through the recognition of reliable and compatible available data issued in any Member State, including product-specific data and project-specific data calculated in accordance with EN 15804 or EN 50693 or a compatible standard. In any event, Member States shall take the necessary measures to ensure consistency and compatibility between data when combining those data from different sources and ensure that the final results for the life-cycle GWP are reliable.

4.   USEFUL FLOOR AREA

The life-cycle GWP shall be expressed in units of kg CO2eq/m2 of useful floor area.

Member States shall set out how the definition of useful floor area is to be used in practice to calculate the life-cycle GWP of new buildings. The useful floor area shall correspond to the area of the parts of the building that are covered by the life-cycle GWP calculation and shall not extend beyond the building envelope. Member States shall describe at national level the adopted useful floor area in terms of component areas, as defined in accordance with International Property Measurement Standards (IPMS) ( 13 ) or an equivalent standard, which ensure the transparency, consistency and comparability of floor area measurements.

The life-cycle GWP shall be calculated and disclosed in the EPC of the building, in accordance with Article 19 and Annex V, or of the building unit where applicable. If relevant, Member States may set rules for allocating the emissions of building components shared by multiple buildings. Those rules shall ensure that the life-cycle GWP calculation is fair, transparent and consistent across different buildings and projects.

5.   SCOPE OF LIFE-CYCLE STAGES

The life-cycle GWP shall be calculated for each required life-cycle stage, as set out in Table 2. Member States may decide to exclude any optional life-cycle stages from the calculation, as set out in Table 2.

For each life-cycle stage, when the information available at product level offers multiple scenarios, the calculation at building level shall be as representative as possible of the building project or building. When reliable information is not available, or a simplified calculation is relevant, Member States may decide to allow a default scenario to be used for the calculation, based on the worst-case scenario principle.

Member States may adopt default values for any life-cycle stages or sub-life-cycle stages in accordance with the requirements relating to data for calculation set out in Section 3 to fill data gaps or when it is necessary to simplify the calculation.



Table 2

Life-cycle stages to be calculated, according to EN15978:2011 and prEN15978:2025 and taking into account any subsequent standard relating to the sustainability of construction works and the calculation method for the assessment of environmental performance of buildings

Life-cycle stages

Required/Optional

EN15978:2011

prEN15978:2025

A1:  Raw material supply

A1:  Extraction and upstream production

Required

A2:  Transport

A2:  Transport to factory

Required

A3:  Manufacturing

A3:  Manufacturing

Required

A4:  Transport

A4:  Transport

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value

A5:  Construction installation process

A5:  Construction installation process

Required

Member States may choose to exclude processes related to pre-construction demolition and transport of construction workers to and from the site. If a process related to pre-construction demolition or transport of construction workers to and from the site is calculated, the results shall be reported as separate indicators

B1:  Use

B1:  Use

B1.1:  Emissions from materials and carbonation

B1.2:  Fugitive emissions of refrigerants

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value, including impact associated with fugitive emissions of refrigerants

B2:  Maintenance

B2:  Maintenance

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value

B3:  Repair

B3:  Repair

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value

B4:  Replacement

B4:  Replacement of building components

Required

Member States shall clearly set at national level the rule for quantifying the number of replacements for the components or products to be applied, for example, simple averaged decimal number of replacements, integer number of replacements

When available, information related to reference service life made available in accordance with Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 or Regulation (EU) 2024/3110 or product regulations adopted on the basis of Directive 2009/125/EC, Regulation (EU) 2017/1369 or Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 shall be used.

B5:  Refurbishment

B5:  Refurbishment

Optional

B6:  Operational energy use

B6:  Operational energy use

B6.1:  Regulated building-integrated systems (services)

B6.2:  Non-regulated building-integrated systems (services)

B6.3:  Other energy use related to building user activities

Required

The calculation should be consistent with the calculation of operational greenhouse gas emissions, in accordance with the common general framework set out in Annex I. Member States may limit the calculation only to regulated building-integrated systems (services) covered by this Directive

If Member States decide to allow forward-looking greenhouse gas (GHG) emission factors for the operational emissions, the factors shall be justified, consistent and clearly defined for the whole reference study period

The allocation of the impacts of the exported energy shall be performed in accordance with standard EN 15978. The impact of the exported energy is reported in life-cycle stage D2

B7:  Operational water use

B7:  Operational water use

B7.1:  Essential building-integrated systems (toilets, showers, bathrooms, heating, cooling, ventilation, humidification, and irrigation)

B7.2:  Other building-integrated systems (swimming pools, saunas etc.)

B7.3:  Non-building-integrated systems (for example, dishwashers, washing machines, etc.)

Optional

 

B8:  Building-integrated users’ activities, not covered by B1-B7

B8.1:  Transport of persons to and from the building

B8.2:  Charging of electric vehicles within the building site

B8.3:  Others, such as use of ‘consumables’ like paper for offices, or furniture and equipment not fixed to the building

Optional

C1:  Deconstruction

C1:  Deconstruction/ Demolition

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value

C2:  Transport

C2:  Transport to waste processing or disposal

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value.

C3:  Waste processing for reuse, recycling and/or recovery

C3:  Waste processing for reuse, recycling and/or recovery

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value

C4:  Disposal

C4:  Disposal of waste

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value

D:  Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary

D1:  Reuse, recycling and energy recovery resulting from the net flows of materials exiting the system boundary

Required

Member States may choose to limit the calculation to information available at product level and equivalent generic data or default value

D2:  Potential benefits and loads from exported utilities (for example, electrical energy, thermal energy, potable water)

Required

6.   ALLOCATION OF EMISSIONS RELATED TO A BUILDING’S ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ON-SITE GENERATION

Table 3 outlines the three possible approaches to allocating embodied emissions related to a building’s energy consumption and on-site generation. To ensure transparency, consistency and accuracy in the calculation, Member States shall choose one of the approaches listed in Table 3, namely approach A, approach B1 or approach B2. If approach B1 or B2 is adopted at national level, Member States shall make publicly available the chosen allocation rules needed for the calculation in accordance with the energy calculation and relevant standards.

For the purpose of life-cycle GWP calculation, the allocation of operational emissions related to a building’s energy consumption and on-site generation through all life-cycle stages shall be performed in line with the choice of the allocation of the embodied emissions and in accordance with standard EN 15978.



Table 3

Calculation of embodied emissions of on-site renewable energy production

Influencing factor

Approach A

Approach B1 or B2

Type of allocation of embodied emissions to the building of energy storage components

Full allocation to the building

Type of allocation of embodied emissions to the building of other system parts

Full allocation to the building

B1:  Proportional allocation to the building based on the share of captured/generated energy used for self-consumption

B2:  Allocation to the building for components integrated into the building envelope and forming its surface, as well as proportional allocation of the remaining embodied emissions to the building based on the share of captured/generated energy used for self-consumption

7.   SCOPE OF BUILDING ELEMENTS AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT

The life-cycle GWP calculation shall include as a minimum the building elements and technical equipment listed in Tier 2 under the shell and core categories of Table 4. Member States shall ensure a comprehensive and accurate life-cycle GWP calculation, clearly describing at national level the building elements and technical equipment of a building required for the life-cycle GWP calculation. To this end, Member States may follow the examples shown in Tier 3 and Tier 4 of Table 4 and provide any substantial deviations in the national legislation.

Building elements and technical equipment or systems covered by the EPC of the assessed building shall be taken into account in the calculation if Member States consider that their ownership and maintenance is partially or exclusively the responsibility of the building owner ( 14 ), even if they are external to and structurally independent from the assessed building. When building elements and technical equipment are external to and structurally independent from the assessed building, the emissions associated to those building elements and technical equipment shall be taken into account in the embodied carbon and operational carbon analysis, but their floor area shall not be taken into account for the floor areas.

Member States may consider adopting generic data or default values for any of the elements mentioned in the tiers in Table 4, in accordance with the requirements relating to data for calculation set out in Section 3 to fill data gaps or when it is necessary to simplify the calculation.



Table 4

Hierarchical scope of building elements and technical equipment

Tier 1

Tier 2

Tier 3 (example)

Tier 4 (examples)

Shell

Substructure

Foundation piling and underpiling

Permanent piles and caisson

Underpinning

Foundations

Lateral supports

Raft footings, pile caps, column bases, wall footings; strap beams, tie beams

Substructure walls and columns

Ground floor slabs and beams (when the building includes a basement, basement bottom slabs should be counted within the relevant Tier 3 ‘Basement elements’)

Lift pits (slabs and walls)

Basement elements

Basement lateral supports

Basement bottom slabs and blinding

Retaining walls

Basement structural walls, braces and columns

Basement beams, joists, braces and slabs

Basement staircases and ramps

Vertical waterproof tanking, drainage blanket, drains and skin wall

Horizontal waterproof tanking, drainage blanket, drains and topping slab

Basement insulation

Basement lift pits, sump pits, sleeves

Composite work, prefabricated work and sundries for ‘Substructure’ (1)

Structure

Frames and slabs (above top of ground floor slabs)

Structural walls, braces and columns

Upper floor beams, joists, braces and slabs

Roof beams, joists, braces and slabs

Staircases (forming part of the structure)

Fireproofing to steel structure

Tanks, pools and sundries

Only when located within the building envelope (otherwise included in external works)

Composite work, prefabricated work and sundries for ‘Structure’ (2)

External architectural works (non-structural)

Façade

Non-structural external walls and features

External wall finishes except cladding

Facade cladding and curtain walls

External windows

External doors

External shop fronts

Roller shutters and fire shutters

Roof

Roof finishes

Skylights

Waterproofing

Insulation

Roof landscaping (hard and soft)

Composite work, prefabricated work and sundries for ‘External architectural works (non-structural)’ (3)

Core

Internal or under cover architectural works (non-structural)

Internal divisions

Non-structural internal walls and partitions

Insulation

Internal shop fronts

Toilet cubicles

Moveable partitions

Cold rooms

Internal doors

Internal windows

Roller shutters and fire shutters

Sundry concrete work

Fittings and sundries

Balustrades, railings and handrails

Staircases and catwalk not forming part of the structure, cat ladders

Built-in (4) cabinets, cupboards, storage, lockers, seating, shelves, counters, benches

Built-in decorative features

Access panels

Finishes under cover

Floor finishes (internal and external (that is to say, under cover or in balconies))

Internal wall finishes and cladding

Ceiling finishes and false ceilings (internal or external)

Insulation

Composite work, prefabricated work and sundries for ‘Internal or under cover architectural works (non-structural)’ (5)

Building services and equipment: Water and wastewater-related systems

Sanitaryware

Toilets, cisterns, shower trays, bathtubs, taps, controls, shower heads, basin units, sinks, instant hot water heaters

Cold water systems

Thermostat, thermal meters, cold water meters, pumps/booster set, other meters, pipework, pipe insulation, support/hanger, frost protection and trace heating equipment

Cold water storage

Storage tank plus any treatment and filtration system for water quality control

Surface water / rainwater / foul water drainage

Piping, insulation, support, rainwater storage tank, attenuation, outlets, pumps, downpipes, sewage piping, condensate piping, insulation, support, cistern, traps, pump, drain

Water reuse systems

Grey water / rainwater harvesting storage tank, pipework and treatment equipment inside the building line

Building services and equipment: Heating systems

Heat and hot water generation equipment

Gas/electric boiler, air/water/ground heat pumps, chiller, local water heater, wood burning stove, biomass boiler, solar thermal heating and hot water systems. Communal heating systems located within the building’s footprint are included in this scope up to the point of the meter. Beyond the meter, these systems are considered part of the distribution network. Pit and manifold shall be included even if outside the building footprint. Plate heat exchanger that connects to a district heating network. Hot water generation equipment (for example, calorifier) shall also be included.

Heat and hot water distribution, control, ancillaries, emitters, exchangers/ terminal units

Electric radiator, wet radiator, underfloor heating, heat interface unit, plate heat exchanger, pumps, mechanical switchboard, pressurisation unit, dosing pot, branch circuit (BC) controller, dehumidifier, vibration mounts, thermostat, thermal meters, hot water meter, pipework, pipe insulation, support/hanger, frost protection and trace heating equipment

Heat storage equipment

Hot water store, buffer vessel, expansion vessel

Building services and equipment: Dedicated cooling systems (if a system does both heating and cooling, it shall fall within the scope of ‘heating systems’ only)

Cooling generation equipment

Cooling tower, fan coil units, air conditioner.

Cooling emitter, exchangers/ terminal units, ancillaries and control, distribution, storage

Cold water store, buffer vessel, expansion vessel for cooling, pumps, mechanical switchboard, pressurisation unit, dosing pot, BC controller, dehumidifier, vibration mounts, thermostat, thermal meters, cold water meter, pipework, pipe insulation, support/hanger, frost protection and trace heating equipment

Building services and equipment: Ventilation systems

Air movement

Fans, mechanical ventilation with heat recovery, air handling units, ceiling fans, kitchen ventilation, air curtains

Air terminals

Diffusers, grilles, variable air volume systems, constant air volume systems, louvre

Ductwork and ancillaries

Ductwork, insulation, support, fire-rated ductwork, support

Control dampers, attenuation and fire safety related to ventilation equipment

Variable air volume damper, volume control damper, fire damper, fume and smoke extraction, motorised fire smoke damper, staircase pressurisation, fire-rated fans, pressure relief dampers, controls, louvres, gas extract, acoustic attenuation

Building services and equipment: Lighting systems

Internal lighting

Internal light fixtures, outlet, junction box, socket, light control, cable, switch

External lighting (building mounted)

Lamps/ poles/ supports etc. that are building mounted. External light fixtures, outlet, junction box, socket, light control, cable, switch

Emergency lighting

Emergency lights, controls, cable, switch

Other lighting

Task lighting, stage/entertainment lighting, retail display lighting, architectural lighting including associated light fixture, outlet, junction box, socket, light control, cable, switch

Building services and equipment: Electrical services for power, communications, security, IT and fire detection

Electrical power

Includes internal and building-mounted installations. Power cable, cable trays containment, panel board/ distribution, back up equipment, busbar, transformer, sockets/ switches, floor boxes, sensors, high voltage, medium voltage, low voltage, small power, containment

Extra Low Voltage (ELV)/ communications/security

ELV systems. Communications and audiovisual equipment. Security: Closed circuit Television (CCTV) equipment, security sensors and alarms.

IT and data

IT equipment: anything related to data, for example, Wi-Fi equipment, server, backbone and structured cabling, computers, printers, data cabinets, patch panels

Building management system (BMS)

BMS/controllers on fan coils, outstation, main controller system with computer (headend), cabling required, control valves, sensors for temperature statistics

Electricity backup generation

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS), backup generation, battery supply, standby generators within the building line

Fire detection and alarm

Fire alarm systems including detection, cabling, firefighting panel and final call unit

Building services and equipment:

On-site renewable energy generation

Renewable energy – electrical generation on-site and building mounted

Solar photovoltaic (PV) panel, inverter, wind turbine, water turbine building mounted or within building footprint

Renewable energy – storage on-site

Battery within building footprint

Building services and equipment: Life safety, fuel and movement system installations

Sprinkler system

Pipes, heads, valves, tank, hose, pumps

Firefighting systems

Dry and wet riser, hydrant, within designated building footprint, automatic opening vent (AOV) controls/sensors, fire suppression system

Lightning protection / earth bonding

Lightning conductor, earth rods

Fuel installations

All fuel supplies other than electric, anything pumped or pressurised.

Gas equipment: connection, gas meter, pressure regulator, pipes, valves.

Fuel storage tank on site, dry stores.

Augers.

Lift, stair lift, lifting platform

Systems for lift, stair lift, lifting platform shall be included. Power to those systems shall be included in electrical installations

Escalators and moving walkways

Systems for escalators and moving walkways shall be included. Power to those systems shall be included in electrical installations

Building services and equipment: Waste disposal systems

Specialised and communal waste disposal systems

Waste incinerators and any systems for waste streams and disposal installation

 

Composite work, prefabricated work and sundries for ‘Building services and equipment’ (6)

External works

(Optional)

External roads, paths, paving and other surfaces suitable for traffic of people or vehicles which are within the building plot area

Roads and paths designed for foot or vehicular traffic

Preparation of sub-base works including treatment, laying, levelling, grading and compacting shall be included

Blinding, in-situ concrete including formwork, reinforcement, connections, drainage/weed membranes, kerbs, edgings, accessories, surface applied pavement/road/pitch markings, worked finishes. e.g.:

— Coated macadam or asphalt finishing

— Masonry, paving, tiles, cobbles, setts

— Gravel, stone chippings, wood-chipping

— Grass perforated matting

— Surfaces designed for playgrounds, sports or other specialist uses

— All systems required to manage surface water drainage and/or attenuation

— Steps, staircases and ramps (including sub-structure, formation and final finish) outside of the designated building line

Footpaths

Pavings and soft surfaces designed for foot traffic

External fittings and fixtures for the delineation of exterior spaces, boundaries and zones of the building plot area and fore aesthetic purpose

External fencing

Timber, metal, concrete, masonry fencing, railing, gates, walls, dwarf walls that are external and not part of the building thermal envelope and are new shall be included

Vehicle and pedestrian barriers that are required to take a specific loading for protection purposes, with associated gates, shall be included

Sub-structure requirements, components, posts, fixings, ironmongery, accessories like copings, powered equipment, controls and final finishes shall be included

This category includes retaining walls that are not part of the building, usually formed from concrete, timber or masonry, including all sub-structure/piling requirements, reinforced earth, drainage requirements, membranes, components, fixings, accessories like copings, joints, preservatives, final finish, gabions

External railings

External walls

External fixtures

Site street furniture including gates (where not part of fencing or barriers), turnstiles, fixed/collapsible/removable bollards, seats, benches, tables, litter/grit containers, poster displays/notice boards, cycle stands/sheds, directional signage, flag poles, external sports/playground equipment, minor footbridges, bus stops, shelters, telephone boxes, post boxes, sculptures/external works of art, ornamental water features including any sub-structure, tanks, components, pipework, controls and equipment required

External building services

General note: this category contains all services not affixed to the building or accommodated outside the building footprint.

External drainage

Foul water/ surface water/ land drainage below and above ground, from first manhole beyond the enclosing wall of the building, the sewer connection or other outfall (for example, on-site sewage treatment facility). Trenches, pipelines, fittings, beds, backfill, cradles, supports, connections, gullies and gratings (for example, on roads) shall also be included. Packaged pumping stations, outfalls/outlet heads, final coatings, prefabricated channels, chambers, manholes, channels, soakaways, cesspools, petrol interceptor units. Any alterations, repair works, filling or cleaning of existing drainage systems, manholes and gratings shall also be included. Installations related to sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) (not planted), Drainage of hazardous liquids like chemicals and industrial liquid waste shall also be included

External services – water

Piped water supply systems bringing water from the statutory undertaker’s mains to the point of entry into the building, including distribution to external user points (for example, external plant and equipment and fire hydrants). Fire hydrants/ rainwater recycling/ grey water recycling outside designated building line. Tanks, pipework, trace heating, insulation, connections shall also be included

External services – electricity

Distribution of high voltage electricity from the statutory undertaker’s supply to an on-site transformer station, distribution of low voltage electricity from the on-site transformer to the main switchgear panel within the building and external installations for providing electricity, including emergency or standby generators. Cables, wiring, boards, trunking, access covers, connections, distribution, trenches, pits, packaged/transformer sub-stations, UPS installations shall also be included

External services – gas

Piped natural gas supply systems taking gas from the statutory undertaker’s mains to the gas meter; and taking liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) from external storage vessels to distribution point, including mains gas supply and distribution of gas supply to external user points (for example, to external plant and equipment). Distribution, access covers, connections, trenches, pits, storage tanks/ bottles shall also be included

External services – telecommunications and similar

Connection of telecommunications systems, cable television, internet and other communication systems from statutory undertaker’s or other service provider’s supply to the main distribution point within the building. Cables, wiring, boards, trunking, access covers, connections, distribution, trenches, pits shall also be included

External services – fuel storage

External fuel storage and piped distribution systems. Storage tanks and vessels external to building, and piped supply systems distributing oil, petrol or diesel from storage tanks or vessels to the entry point within the building or to external plant and equipment. Distribution, pumps, valves, insulation, access covers, connections, monitoring equipment, trenches, pits, storage tanks/bottles shall also be included

External services – lighting

External site/street lighting systems including for pedestrian areas, paths, roads, illuminated traffic signs, external lighting. Cables, wiring, boards, trunking, access covers, connections, distribution, trenches, pits, controls and the luminaires/lamps themselves shall also be included, including lighting for sports pitches

External services – security systems

Security systems including CCTV, camera poles, general external power supplies for security equipment and specific security lighting

Composite work, prefabricated work and sundries for ‘external building services’ (7)

External buildings (8)

Small ancillary buildings

Separate external small ancillary buildings related to the building systems and normal functioning of the building and site access, including boiler houses, sub-station buildings, fuel storage buildings, bicycle stores, sheds, storage units and guard huts

Independent parking structures (9)

Above-ground or below-ground structures that are for the exclusive or shared use by building occupants

Composite work, prefabricated work and sundries for ‘external buildings’ (10)

(1)   

Insulation, waterproofing, screed, connections, fittings or elements for drainage, elements for services that are inserted or applied together with the substructural works but which are not already counted under specific entries in this Table 4 or elsewhere.

(2)   

Fireproofing, insulation, waterproofing, screed, connections, fittings, ramps, permanent formwork, mezzanine structures, supports for tiered seating, maintenance routes or other elements that are inserted or applied together with the structural works but which are not already counted under specific entries in this Table 4 or elsewhere.

(3)   

Fireproofing, insulation, waterproofing, screed, connections and fixings to the structure, fittings, ramps, shading devices, louvres, eaves, insect protection, grilled assemblies, parapets, railings, green walls, chimneys or other elements that are inserted or applied together with the external architectural works but which are not already counted under specific entries here or elsewhere.

(4)   

Built-in refers to the incorporation of the relevant building features during the construction stage and prior to handover of the building to the owner.

(5)   

Fireproofing, insulation, waterproofing, screed, connections and fixings to the structure or maintenance routes, framing, sealing, adhesives, floating floors, sprung floors, finishes, line markings, trim, skirting, fittings, ramps, grilled assemblies, parapets, railings, fireplaces or other elements that are inserted or applied together with the internal architectural works but which are not already counted under specific entries in this Table 4 or elsewhere.

(6)   

Any other fixtures, fittings or other elements that are inserted or applied together with the building services, system and infrastructure but which are not already counted under specific entries in this Table 4 or elsewhere.

(7)   

Any other fixtures, fittings or other elements associated with the installation of water, gas, electricity, heating, ventilation, above-ground drainage, telecommunications and other services, including ducts, protective coatings, holes, chases, sleeves, covers, fire stopping, labelling, and bases, etc, which not included elsewhere.

(8)   

Refers to buildings that are external to and structurally independent of the assessed building, but which are located within the curtilage of the assessed building and servicing the assessed building occupiers and/or assessed building technical systems and infrastructure. Structural independence shall be understood as a lack of shared foundations and other load-bearing structural elements.

(9)   

Parking facilities which do share structural elements and that fall within the envelope of the building structure shall not be considered as external buildings but instead as a part of the whole building, thus counting their associated embodied carbon, operational carbon and floor areas in the analysis. On the contrary, for independent parking structures that are considered as external buildings, their associated embodied carbon and operational carbon may be considered in the analysis, but not their floor areas. In cases where a parking facility is part of a shared structure between more than one building, either the whole complex of buildings shall constitute one single assessment, or the embodied carbon impacts and floor area of the parking facility shall be allocated on the basis of the relative shares of parking spaces that are designated to each building.

(10)   

Any other fixtures, fittings or other elements associated with the construction of external buildings which are not included elsewhere.

8.   RESULTS OF LIFE-CYCLE GWP

For the purpose of reporting the results in the EPC of the building, the building’s life-cycle GWP shall be reported in a transparent format, showing results at least for each life-cycle stage in accordance with Table 5.



Table 5

Disclosure of the life-cycle GWP in the building’s energy performance certificate (EPC)

 

Product stage (A1-A3)

Construction process stage (A4-A5)

Use, maintenance, replacement stage (B1-B4)

Operational energy use stage (B6)

End-of-life stage (C1-C4)

Reuse, recycling, recovery potential (D1)

Potential benefits and loads from exported utilities (for example, electrical energy, thermal energy, potable water) (D2)

GWP-total (1)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
(1)   

GWP-total is the sum of GWP-fossil, GWP-biogenic and GWP-land use and land use change.
ANNEX IV Common general framework for rating the smart readiness of buildings



ANNEX IV

Common general framework for rating the smart readiness of buildings

1. The Commission shall establish the definition of the smart readiness indicator and a methodology by which it is to be calculated, in order to assess the capabilities of a building or building unit to adapt its operation to the needs of the occupant and of the grid and to improve its energy efficiency and overall performance.

The smart readiness indicator shall cover features for enhanced energy savings, benchmarking and flexibility, enhanced functionalities and capabilities resulting from more interconnected and intelligent devices.

The methodology shall take into account features such as the possible existence of a digital twin of the building.

The methodology shall take into account features such as smart meters, building automation and control systems, self-regulating devices for the regulation of indoor air temperature, built-in home appliances, recharging points for electric vehicles, energy storage and detailed functionalities and the interoperability of those features, as well as benefits for the indoor climate conditions, energy efficiency, performance levels and enabled flexibility.

2. The methodology shall rely on the following key functionalities relating to the building and its technical building systems:

(a) 

the ability to maintain energy performance and operation of the building through the adaptation of energy consumption for example through use of energy from renewable sources;

(b) 

the ability to adapt its operation mode in response to the needs of the occupant while paying due attention to the availability of user-friendliness, maintaining healthy indoor climate conditions and the ability to report on energy use;

(c) 

the flexibility of a building’s overall energy demand, including its ability to enable participation in active and passive as well as implicit and explicit demand response, through its energy storage and release of energy back to the grid, for example through flexibility and load shifting capacities; and

(d) 

the ability to improve its energy efficiency and overall performance through the use of energy-saving technologies.

3. The methodology may further take into account:

(a) 

the interoperability between systems (smart meters, building automation and control systems, built-in home appliances, self-regulating devices for the regulation of indoor air temperature within the building and indoor air quality sensors and ventilations); and

(b) 

the positive influence of existing communication networks, in particular the existence of high-speed-ready in-building physical infrastructure, such as the voluntary ‘broadband ready’ label, and the existence of an access point for buildings with multiple residential building units, in accordance with Article 8 of Directive 2014/61/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council ( 15 ).

4. The methodology shall not negatively affect existing national energy performance certification schemes and shall build on related initiatives at national level, while taking into account the principle of occupant ownership, data protection, privacy and security, in compliance with relevant Union data protection and privacy law as well as best available techniques for cyber security.

5. The methodology shall set out the most appropriate format of the smart readiness indicator parameter and shall be simple, transparent, and easily understandable for consumers, owners, investors and demand-response market participants.
ANNEX V Template for energy performance certificates



ANNEX V

Template for energy performance certificates

(referred to in Article 19)

1. On its front page, the energy performance certificate shall display at least the following elements:

(a) 

the energy performance class;

(b) 

the calculated annual primary energy use in kWh/(m2.y);

(c) 

the calculated annual final energy use in kWh/(m2.y);

(d) 

renewable energy produced on-site in % of energy use;

(e) 

operational greenhouse gas emissions (kgCO2/(m2.y)), and the value of the life-cycle GWP, if available.

The energy performance certificate shall also display the following elements:

(a) 

the calculated annual primary and final energy consumption in kWh or MWh;

(b) 

renewable energy production in kWh or MWh; main energy carrier and type of renewable energy source;

(c) 

the calculated energy needs in kWh/(m2.y);

(d) 

a yes/no indication whether the building has a capacity to react to external signals and adjust the energy consumption;

(e) 

a yes/no indication whether the heat distribution system inside the building is capable to work at low or more efficient temperature levels, where applicable;

(f) 

the contact information of the relevant one-stop shop for renovation advice.

2. In addition, the energy performance certificate may include the following indicators:

(a) 

energy use, peak load, size of generator or system, main energy carrier and main type of element for each of the uses: heating, cooling, domestic hot water, ventilation and in-built lighting;

(b) 

the greenhouse gas emission class (if applicable);

(c) 

information on carbon removals associated to the temporary storage of carbon in or on buildings;

(d) 

a yes/no indication whether a renovation passport is available for the building;

(e) 

the average U-value for the opaque elements of the building envelope;

(f) 

the average U-value for the transparent elements of the building envelope;

(g) 

type of most common transparent element (e.g. double-glazed window);

(h) 

results of the analysis on overheating risk (if available);

(i) 

the presence of fixed sensors that monitor the indoor environmental quality;

(j) 

the presence of fixed controls that respond to the levels of indoor environmental quality;

(k) 

number and type of recharging points for electric vehicles;

(l) 

presence, type and size of energy storage systems;

(m) 

expected remaining lifespan of the heating or air-conditioning systems and appliances, where applicable;

(n) 

feasibility of adapting the heating system to operate at more efficient temperature settings;

(o) 

feasibility of adapting the domestic hot-water system to operate at more efficient temperature settings;

(p) 

feasibility of adapting the air-conditioning system to operate at more efficient temperature settings;

(q) 

metered energy consumption;

(r) 

whether there is a connection to a district heating and cooling network, and, if available, information about a potential connection to an efficient district heating and cooling system;

(s) 

local primary energy factors and related carbon emission factors of the connected local district heating and cooling network;

(t) 

operational fine particulate matter (PM 2,5 ) emissions.

The energy performance certificate may include the following links with other initiatives if these apply in the relevant Member State:

(a) 

a yes/no indication whether a smart readiness assessment has been carried out for the building;

(b) 

where available, the value of the smart readiness assessment;

(c) 

a yes/no indication whether a Digital Building Logbook is available for the building.

Persons with disabilities shall have equal access to the information in energy performance certificates.
ANNEX VI Independent control systems for energy performance certificates



ANNEX VI

Independent control systems for energy performance certificates

1. Definition of a valid energy performance certificate

Member States shall provide a clear definition of what is considered to be a valid energy performance certificate.

The definition of a valid energy performance certificate shall ensure:

(a) 

a validity check of the input data (including on-site checks) of the building used to issue the energy performance certificate and the results stated in the certificate;

(b) 

the validity of the calculations;

(c) 

a maximum deviation for the energy performance of a building, preferably expressed by the numeric indicator of primary energy use (kWh/(m2.y));

(d) 

a minimum number of elements differing from default or standard values.

Member States may include additional elements in the definition of a valid energy performance certificate, such as maximum deviation for specific input data values.

2. Quality of the independent control system for energy performance certificates

Member States shall provide a clear definition of the quality objectives and the level of statistical confidence that the energy performance certificate framework should achieve. The independent control system shall ensure at least 90 % of valid issued energy performance certificates with a statistical confidence of 95 % for the evaluated period, which shall not exceed one year.

The level of quality and the level of confidence of the independent control system for energy performance certificates shall be measured using random sampling and shall account for all elements provided in the definition of a valid energy performance certificate. Member States shall require third-party verification for the evaluation of at least 25 % of the random sample when the independent control systems have been delegated to non-governmental bodies.

The validity of the input data shall be verified with information provided by the independent expert. Such information may include product certificates, specifications or building plans that include details on the performance of the different elements included in the energy performance certificate.

The validity of the input data shall be verified by on-site visits, which may be carried out by virtual means, where appropriate in at least 10 % of the energy performance certificates that are part of the random sampling used to assess the overall quality of the scheme.

In addition to the minimum random sampling to determine the overall level of quality, Member States may use different strategies to specifically detect and target poor quality in energy performance certificates with the objective to improve the overall quality of the scheme. Such targeted analysis cannot be used as the basis to measure the overall quality of the scheme.

Member States shall deploy pre-emptive and reactive measures to ensure the quality of the overall energy performance certificate framework. Those measures may include additional training for independent experts, targeted sampling, obligation to re-submit energy performance certificates, proportional fines and temporary or permanent bans for experts.

Where information is added to a database it shall be possible for national authorities to identify the originator of the addition, for monitoring and verification purposes.

3. Availability of energy performance certificates

The independent control system shall verify the availability of energy performance certificates to prospective buyers and tenants in order to ensure that it is possible to consider the energy performance of the building in their decision to buy or rent.

The independent control system shall verify the visibility of the energy performance indicator and class in advertising media.

4. Treatment of building typologies

The independent control system shall account for different building typologies, particularly for building typologies that are most prevalent in the real estate market, such as single residential, multi-residential, offices or retail.

5. Public disclosure

Member States shall regularly publish, on the national database on energy performance certificates, at least the following information on the quality system:

(a) 

the definition of a valid energy performance certificate;

(b) 

quality objectives for the energy performance certificate scheme;

(c) 

results of the quality assessment, including number of certificates evaluated and relative size to the total number of issued certificates in the given period (per typology);

(d) 

contingency measures to improve the overall quality of energy performance certificates.
ANNEX VII



ANNEX VII

Comparative methodology framework to identify cost-optimal levels of energy performance requirements for buildings and building elements

The comparative methodology framework shall enable Member States to determine the energy and emission performance of buildings and building elements and the economic aspects of measures relating to the energy and emission performance, and to link them with a view to identifying the cost-optimal level to achieve the 2030 emission reduction and climate neutrality goals, as well as a zero-emission building stock by 2050 at the latest.

The comparative methodology framework shall be accompanied by guidelines outlining how to apply that framework in the calculation of cost-optimal performance levels.

The comparative methodology framework shall allow for taking into account use patterns, outdoor climate conditions and their future changes according to best available climate projections, including heat and cold waves, investment costs, building category, maintenance and operating costs (including energy costs and savings), earnings from energy produced, where applicable, environmental and health externalities of energy use, waste management costs, where applicable, and technological developments. It should be based on relevant European standards relating to this Directive.

The Commission shall also provide:

— 
guidelines to accompany the comparative methodology framework; those guidelines will serve to enable the Member States to undertake the steps listed below,
— 
information on estimated long-term energy price developments.

For the application of the comparative methodology framework by Member States, general conditions, expressed by parameters, shall be laid down at Member State level. The Commission shall issue recommendations to Member States regarding their cost optimality levels, where relevant.

The comparative methodology framework shall require Member States to:

— 
define reference buildings that are characterised by and representative of their functionality and geographic location, including indoor and outdoor climate conditions. The reference buildings shall cover residential and non-residential buildings, both new and existing ones,
— 
define energy efficiency measures to be assessed for the reference buildings. Those may be measures for individual buildings as a whole, for individual building elements, or for a combination of building elements,
— 
assess the final and primary energy need and resulting emissions of the reference buildings with the defined energy efficiency measures applied,
— 
calculate the costs (i.e. the net present value) of the energy efficiency measures (as referred to in the second indent) during the expected economic life cycle applied to the reference buildings (as referred to in the first indent) by applying the comparative methodology framework principles.

By calculating the costs of the energy efficiency measures during the expected economic life cycle, the cost-effectiveness of different levels of minimum energy performance requirements is assessed by the Member States. That will allow the determination of cost-optimal levels of energy performance requirements.
ANNEX VIII Requirements for renovation passports



ANNEX VIII

Requirements for renovation passports

1. The renovation passport shall include:

(a) 

information on the current energy performance of the building;

(b) 

a graphical representation or graphical representations of the roadmap and its steps for a staged deep renovation;

(c) 

information on relevant national requirements such as minimum energy performance requirements for buildings, minimum energy performance standards and rules in the Member State on the phasing out of fossil-fuel used in buildings for heating and cooling, including application dates;

(d) 

a succinct explanation on the optimal sequencing of steps;

(e) 

information about each step, including:

(i) 

the name and description of the renovation measures for the step, including relevant options for the technologies, techniques and materials to be used;

(ii) 

the estimated energy savings in primary and final energy consumption, in kWh and in percentage improvement compared to the energy consumption prior to the step;

(iii) 

the estimated reduction of operational greenhouse gas emissions;

(iv) 

the estimated savings on the energy bill, clearly indicating the assumptions on energy costs used for the calculation;

(v) 

the estimated energy performance class of the energy performance certificate to be achieved following completion of the step;

(f) 

information about a potential connection to an efficient district heating and cooling system;

(g) 

the share of individual or collective generation and self-consumption of renewable energy estimated to be achieved after the renovation;

(h) 

general information on available options for improving construction products’ circularity and for reducing their whole-life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions, as well as wider benefits related to health and comfort, indoor environmental quality and the improved adaptive capacity of the building to climate change;

(i) 

information on available funding and links to the relevant web pages indicating the sources of such funding;

(j) 

information on technical advice and advisory services, including contact details and links to the web pages of one-stop shops.

2. The renovation passport may include:

(a) 

an indicative timing of the steps;

(b) 

for each step:

(i) 

a detailed description of the technologies, techniques and materials to be used, their advantages, disadvantages and costs;

(ii) 

how the energy performance of the building would compare to minimum energy performance requirements for buildings undergoing major renovation, nearly zero-energy building and zero-emission building requirements after completion of the step and how the energy performance of the building elements replaced would compare to minimum energy performance requirements for single building elements, where these exist;

(iii) 

the estimated costs for carrying out the step;

(iv) 

the estimated payback period for the step, with and without any available financial support;

(v) 

the estimated time needed to carry out the step;

(vi) 

where available, the reference values on the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions for the materials and equipment and links to the relevant web pages where they can be found;

(vii) 

the estimated lifetime of measures and the estimated maintenance costs;

(c) 

independent modules on:

(i) 

the typical trades necessary or recommended for carrying out energy renovations (architects, advisors, contractors, suppliers and installer, etc.) or links to the relevant web pages;

(ii) 

a list of relevant architects, advisors, contractors, suppliers or installers in the area, that may include only those fulfilling certain conditions such as matching higher qualification or certification labels or conditions, or links to the relevant web pages;

(iii) 

the technical conditions needed for an optimal roll-out of low temperature heating;

(iv) 

how the renovation steps and additional measures could improve the smart readiness of a building;

(v) 

technical and safety requirements for materials and works;

(vi) 

the underlying assumptions behind the calculations provided or links to the relevant web page where they can be found;

(d) 

information on how to access a digital version of the renovation passport;

(e) 

any major renovations made to the building or building unit, as referred to in Article 8(1), and any retrofitting or replacement of a building element that forms part of the building envelope and which has a significant impact on the energy performance of the building envelope, as referred to in Article 8(2), where such information is made available to the expert carrying out the renovation passport;

(f) 

information related to seismic safety, where such information relevant to the building is made available to the expert;

(g) 

upon request of and on the basis of information made available by the current building owner, an attachment containing additional information, such as the adaptability of spaces to evolving needs and any planned renovations.

3. Regarding the status of the building prior to the renovation steps, the renovation passport shall consider, to the extent possible, information contained in the energy performance certificate.

4. Each metric used for estimating the impact of steps shall be based on a set of standard conditions.
ANNEX IX



ANNEX IX

PART A

Repealed Directive with list of the successive amendments thereto

(referred to in Article 36)



Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council

(OJ L 153, 18.6.2010, p. 13).

 

Directive (EU) 2018/844 of the European Parliament and of the Council

(OJ L 156, 19.6.2018, p. 75).

only Article 1

Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council

(OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 1).

only Article 53

PART B

Time-limits for transposition into national law and dates of application

(referred to in Article 36)



Directive

Time-limit for transposition

Dates of application

2010/31/EU

9 July 2012

as far as Articles 2, 3, 9, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 20 and 27 are concerned, 9 January 2013;

as far as Articles 4 to 8, 14, 15 and 16 are concerned, 9 January 2013 with regard to buildings occupied by the public authorities and 9 July 2013 with regard to other buildings

(EU)  2018/844

10 March 2020

 
ANNEX X Correlation table



ANNEX X

Correlation table



Directive 2010/31/EU

This Directive

Article 1

Article 1

Article 2, point (1)

Article 2, point 1

—

Article 2, point (2)

Article 2, point (2)

Article 2, point (3)

—

Article 2, points (5) and (6)

Article 2, points (3), (3a), (4) and (5)

Article 2, points (7) to (10)

—

Article 2, points (12), (13) and (14)

Article 2, points (6), (7), (8) and (9)

Article 2, points (15) to (18)

—

Article 2, points (19) to (22)

Article 2, point (10)

Article 2, point (23)

—

Article 2, points (24) to (29)

Article 2, points (11), (12), (13) and (14)

Article 2, points (30) to (33)

—

Article 2, points (34), (37) to (40) and (42)

Article 2, point (15)

Article 2, point (42)

Article 2, points (15), (15a), (15b), (15c), (16) and (17)

Article 2, points (43), (44), (47) to (50)

Article 2, point (18)

—

Article 2, point (19)

Article 2, point (51)

—

Article 2, points (52) to (64)

Article 2, point (20)

—

Article 2a

Article 3

Article 3

Article 4

Article 4

Article 5

Article 5

Article 6

Articles 6 and 9

Article 7

Article 7

Article 8

—

Article 9

—

Article 12

Article 8(1), (9)

Article 13

Article 8(2) to (8)

Article 14

Article 8(10), (11)

Article 15

—

Article 16

Article 10

Article 17

Article 11

Article 19

Article 12

Article 20

Article 13

Article 21

—

Article 22

Articles 14 and 15

Article 23

Article 16

Article 24

Article 17

Article 25

—

Article 26

Article 18

Article 27

Article 19

Article 28

Article 19a

—

Article 20

Article 29

Article 21

Article 30

Article 22

Article 31

Article 23

Article 32

Article 26

Article 33

Article 27

Article 34

Article 28

Article 35

Article 29

Article 36

Article 30

Article 37

Article 31

Article 38

Annex I

Annex I

—

Annex II

—

Annex III

Annex IA

Annex IV

—

Annex V

Annex II

Annex VI

Annex III

Annex VII

Annex IV

Annex IX

Annex V

Annex X

1.1 Referenzi

1.2 Rekwiżiti identifikati

1.3 Standards relatati

2. Rekwiżiti identifikati

Rekwiżiti

3. Standards relatati

Standards

Kwistjonijiet marbuta

Links
is related to Imported: Richtlinie (EU) 2024/1275 über die Gesamtenergieeffizienz von Gebäuden (CELEX:02024L1275-20260524)