+Airteagal 14 Sonraí a bhaineann le hAirteagal 12 agus le hAirteagal 13 den bhun-Rialachán
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Airteagal 14 Sonraí a bhaineann le hAirteagal 12 agus le hAirteagal 13 den bhun-Rialachán

Airteagal 14

Sonraí a bhaineann le hAirteagal 12 agus le hAirteagal 13 den bhun-Rialachán

1.  Chun críocha chur i bhfeidhm Airteagal 12(1) den bhun-Rialachán, ‘duine a ghabhann de ghníomhaíocht mar dhuine fostaithe i mBallstát thar ceann fostóra a dhéanann a ghníomhaíochtaí de ghnáth san áit sin, agus a ndéanann an fostóir sin é a phostú chuig Ballstát eile’, d’fhéadfadh sé gur duine é a earcaítear d’fhonn é a phostú, ar chuntar go bhfuil an duine lena mbaineann, díreach roimh thosach a chuid fostaíochta, faoi réir, cheana féin, ag reachtaíocht an Bhallstáit ina bhfuil a fhostóir bunaithe.

2.  Chun críocha chur i bhfeidhm Airteagal 12(1) den bhun-Rialachán, tagraíonn na focail ‘gurb ann is iondúil a dhéanann sé a ghníomhaíochtaí’, d’fhostóir ar gnách dó gabháil do ghníomhaíochtaí substaintiúla, seachas do ghníomhaíochtaí nach bhfuil iontu ach gníomhaíochtaí inmheánacha bainistíochta, i gcríoch an Bhallstáit ina bhfuil sé nó sí bunaithe, ag cur san áireamh na critéir go léir arb iad saintréithe na ngníomhaíochtaí a dhéanann an gnóthas lena mbaineann sé. Caithfidh na critéir ábhartha a bheith oiriúnach do shaintréithe sonracha gach fostóra agus d’fhíorchineál na ngníomhaíochtaí a dhéantar.

3.  Chun críocha chur i bhfeidhm Airteagal 12(2) den bhun-Rialachán, tagraíonn na focail ‘gur mar dhuine féinfhostaithe is iondúil a ghabhann sé de ghníomhaíocht’, do dhuine ar gnách dó gníomhaíochtaí substaintiúla a dhéanamh i gcríoch an Bhallstáit ina bhfuil sé bunaithe. Go háirithe, caithfidh an duine sin a bheith ag gabháil don ghníomhaíocht sin ar feadh tréimhse roimh an dáta ar mian leis buntáiste a bhaint as forálacha an Airteagail sin, agus le linn aon tréimhse gníomhaíochta sealadaí i mBallstát eile, ní mór dó leanúint de na ceanglais maidir le gabháil dá ghníomhaíocht a chomhlíonadh sa Bhallstát ina bhfuil sé bunaithe, ionas go mbeidh sé in ann í a shaothrú ar fhilleadh dó.

4.  Chun críocha chur i bhfeidhm Airteagal 12(2) den bhun-Rialachán, is é cineál iarbhír na gníomhaíochta an critéar lena gcinnfear an bhfuil an ghníomhaíocht a dtéann an duine féinfhostaithe ag gabháil de i mBallstát eile ‘de shamhail’ na gníomhaíochta fostaíochta a dhéantar de ghnáth, seachas an tuairisc mar ghníomhaíocht fostaíochta nó féinfhostaíochta a fhéadfaidh an Ballstát eile a thabhairt ar an ngníomhaíocht sin.

▼M2

5.  D’fhonn Airteagal 13(1) den bhun-Rialachán a chur i bhfeidhm, tagróidh ‘duine a shaothraíonn gníomhaíocht mar dhuine fostaithe de ghnáth in dhá Bhallstát nó níos mó ná sin’ do dhuine a dhéanann gníomhaíocht leithleach amháin nó níos mó ná sin go comhuaineach, nó de réir uainíochta, thar ceann an ghnóthais chéanna nó an fhostóra céanna nó ar son roinnt gnóthas nó roinnt fostóirí, in dhá Bhallstát nó níos mó ná sin.

▼M2

5a.  D’fhonn Teideal II den bhun-Rialachán a chur i bhfeidhm, tagróidh ‘oifig chláraithe nó áit ghnó’ don oifig chláraithe nó don áit ghnó ina ndéantar cinntí bunriachtanacha an ghnóthais agus ina gcuirtear feidhmeanna a riaracháin lárnaigh i gcrích.

Chun críocha Airteagal 13(1) den bhun-Rialachán, beidh ball fostaithe den fhoireann eitilte nó den fhoireann cábáin a shaothraíonn seirbhísí d’aerphaisinéirí nó do sheirbhísí aerlasta de ghnáth in dhá Bhallstát nó níos mó ná sin faoi réir reachtaíocht an Bhallstáit a bhfuil an bhunáit, mar a shainmhínítear í in Iarscríbhinn III a ghabhann le Rialachán (CEE) Uimh. 3922/91 ón gComhairle an 16 Nollaig 1991 maidir le comhchuibhiú ceanglas teicniúil agus nósanna imeachta riaracháin i réimse na heitlíochta sibhialta ( 1 ), suite ann.

5b.  Déanfar neamhaird ar ghníomhaíochtaí imeallacha chun críocha na reachtaíochta is infheidhme faoi Airteagal 13 den bhun-Rialachán a chinneadh. Beidh feidhm ag Airteagal 16 den Rialachán cur chun feidhme maidir leis na cásanna uile faoin Airteagal seo.

▼B

6.  Chun críocha chur i bhfeidhm Airteagal 13(2) den bhun-Rialachán, tagraíonn ‘duine a shaothraíonn gníomhaíocht mar dhuine fostaithe de ghnáth in dhá Bhallstát nó níos mó’ go háirithe, do dhuine a shaothraíonn gníomhaíocht leithleach féinfhostaíochta amháin nó níos mó, go comhuaineach nó go malartach, beag beann ar chineál na ngníomhaíochtaí sin, in dhá Bhallstát nó níos mó.

7.  Chun idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir na gníomhaíochtaí faoi mhír 5 agus faoi mhír 6 agus na staideanna a shainítear in Airteagal 12(1) agus (2) den bhun-Rialachán, gné chinntitheach a bheidh i ré na gníomhaíochta (bíodh sí de chineál buan, ad hoc nó sealadach) i mBallstát eile amháin nó níos mó. Chun na gcríoch seo, déanfar measúnú foriomlán ar na fíorais ábhartha uile, lena n-áirítear go háirithe, i ndáil le duine fostaithe, an t-ionad oibre mar a shainmhínítear sa chonradh oibre é.

8.  Chun críocha chur i bhfeidhm Airteagal 13(1) agus (2) den bhun-Rialachán, ciallóidh ‘cuid shubstaintiúil de ghníomhaíocht fostaíochta nó fhéinfhostaíochta’ arna saothrú i mBallstát gurb ann a dhéantar cuid shubstaintiúil ó thaobh cainníochta de ghníomhaíochtaí uile an duine fhostaithe nó fhéinfhostaithe a shaothrú, cé nach gá go mbeadh sé seo mar phríomhchuid de na gníomhaíochtaí sin.

Chun go gcinnfear an i mBallstát atá cuid shubstaintiúil de na gníomhaíochtaí á saothrú, cuirfear na critéir tháscacha seo a leanas san áireamh:

(a) 

i gcás gníomhaíochta fostaíochta, an t-am oibre agus/nó an luach saothair; agus

(b) 

i gcás gníomhaíochta féin-fhostaíochta, an láimhdeachas, an t-am oibre, líon na seirbhísí a rinneadh agus/nó an luach saothair.

I réim measúnaithe foriomláin, léireoidh cion níos lú ná 25 % de na critéir a luaitear thuas go bhfuil cuid shubstaintiúil de na gníomhaíochtaí nach bhfuil á saothrú sa Bhallstát ábhartha.

9.  Chun críocha chur i bhfeidhm Airteagal 13(2)(b) den bhun-Rialachán, déanfar ‘lárionad leasa’ ghníomhaíochtaí duine fhéinfhostaithe a chinneadh trí gach gné de ghníomhaíochtaí ceirde an duine sin a chur san áireamh, ach go háirithe an áit a bhfuil áit sheasta bhuan ghnó an duine lonnaithe, cineál gnáthach nó ré na ngníomhaíochtaí arna saothrú, líon na seirbhísí a rinneadh, agus a bhfuil ar intinn ag an duine, mar is follas ó na himthosca go léir.

10.  Chun an reachtaíocht is infheidhme faoi mhír 8 agus faoi mhír 9 a chinneadh, cuirfidh na hinstitiúidí lena mbaineann san áireamh an staid a thoimhdeofar a bheith ann sna 12 mhí féilire ina dhiaidh sin.

11.  Má shaothraíonn duine a ghníomhaíocht mar dhuine fostaithe in dhá Bhallstát nó níos mó thar ceann fostóra atá bunaithe lasmuigh de chríoch an Aontais, agus má tá cónaí ar an duine seo i mBallstát gan gníomhaíocht shubstaintiúil a shaothrú ann, beidh sé faoi réir reachtaíocht an Bhallstáit chónaithe.

1. Forbhreathnú

,
Article 14 1.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(1) of the basic Regulation, a ‘person who pursues an activity as an employed person in a Member State on behalf of an employer which normally carries out its activities there and who is posted by that employer to another Member State’ shall include a person who is recruited with a view to being posted to another Member State, provided that, immediately before the start of his employment, the person concerned is already subject to the legislation of the Member State in which his employer is established.
Article 14 2.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(1) of the basic Regulation, the words ‘which normally carries out its activities there’ shall refer to an employer that ordinarily performs substantial activities, other than purely internal management activities, in the territory of the Member State in which it is established, taking account of all criteria characterising the activities carried out by the undertaking in question. The relevant criteria must be suited to the specific characteristics of each employer and the real nature of the activities carried out.
Article 14 3.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(2) of the basic Regulation, the words ‘who normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person’ shall refer to a person who habitually carries out substantial activities in the territory of the Member State in which he is established. In particular, that person must have already pursued his activity for some time before the date when he wishes to take advantage of the provisions of that Article and, during any period of temporary activity in another Member State, must continue to fulfil, in the Member State where he is established, the requirements for the pursuit of his activity in order to be able to pursue it on his return.
Article 14 4.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(2) of the basic Regulation, the criterion for determining whether the activity that a self-employed person goes to pursue in another Member State is ‘similar’ to the self-employed activity normally pursued shall be that of the actual nature of the activity, rather than of the designation of employed or self-employed activity that may be given to this activity by the other Member State.
Article 14 5.
For the purposes of the application of Article 13(1) of the basic Regulation, a person who ‘normally pursues an activity as an employed person in two or more Member States’ shall refer to a person who simultaneously, or in alternation, for the same undertaking or employer or for various undertakings or employers, exercises one or more separate activities in two or more Member States.
Article 14 5a.
For the purposes of the application of Title II of the basic Regulation, ‘registered office or place of business’ shall refer to the registered office or place of business where the essential decisions of the undertaking are adopted and where the functions of its central administration are carried out.

For the purposes of Article 13(1) of the basic Regulation, an employed flight crew or cabin crew member normally pursuing air passenger or freight services in two or more Member States shall be subject to the legislation of the Member State where the home base, as defined in Annex III to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 of 16 December 1991 on the harmonization of technical requirements and administrative procedures in the field of civil aviation ( 1 ), is located.
Article 14 5b.
Marginal activities shall be disregarded for the purposes of determining the applicable legislation under Article 13 of the basic Regulation. Article 16 of the implementing Regulation shall apply to all cases under this Article.
Article 14 6.
For the purposes of the application of Article 13(2) of the basic Regulation, a person who ‘normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person in two or more Member States’ shall refer, in particular, to a person who simultaneously or in alternation pursues one or more separate self-employed activities, irrespective of the nature of those activities, in two or more Member States.
Article 14 7.
For the purpose of distinguishing the activities under paragraphs 5 and 6 from the situations described in Article 12(1) and (2) of the basic Regulation, the duration of the activity in one or more other Member States (whether it is permanent or of an ad hoc or temporary nature) shall be decisive. For these purposes, an overall assessment shall be made of all the relevant facts including, in particular, in the case of an employed person, the place of work as defined in the employment contract.
Article 14 8.

For the purposes of the application of Article 13(1) and (2) of the basic Regulation, a ‘substantial part of employed or self-employed activity’ pursued in a Member State shall mean a quantitatively substantial part of all the activities of the employed or self-employed person pursued there, without this necessarily being the major part of those activities.

To determine whether a substantial part of the activities is pursued in a Member State, the following indicative criteria shall be taken into account:

(a) 

in the case of an employed activity, the working time and/or the remuneration; and

(b) 

in the case of a self-employed activity, the turnover, working time, number of services rendered and/or income.

In the framework of an overall assessment, a share of less than 25 % in respect of the criteria mentioned above shall be an indicator that a substantial part of the activities is not being pursued in the relevant Member State.
Article 14 9.
For the purposes of the application of Article 13(2)(b) of the basic Regulation, the ‘centre of interest’ of the activities of a self-employed person shall be determined by taking account of all the aspects of that person’s occupational activities, notably the place where the person’s fixed and permanent place of business is located, the habitual nature or the duration of the activities pursued, the number of services rendered, and the intention of the person concerned as revealed by all the circumstances.
Article 14 10.
For the determination of the applicable legislation under paragraphs 8 and 9, the institutions concerned shall take into account the situation projected for the following 12 calendar months.
Article 14 11.
If a person pursues his activity as an employed person in two or more Member States on behalf of an employer established outside the territory of the Union, and if this person resides in a Member State without pursuing substantial activity there, he shall be subject to the legislation of the Member State of residence.

1.1 Tagairtí

1.2 Ceanglais aitheanta

1.3 Caighdeáin ghaolmhara

2. Ceanglais aitheanta

Ceanglais

3. Caighdeáin ghaolmhara

Caighdeáin
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