+Člen 14 Podrobnosti v zvezi s členoma 12 in 13 osnovne uredbe
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Člen 14 Podrobnosti v zvezi s členoma 12 in 13 osnovne uredbe

Člen 14

Podrobnosti v zvezi s členoma 12 in 13 osnovne uredbe

1.  Za uporabo člena 12(1) osnovne uredbe „oseba, ki opravlja dejavnost zaposlene osebe v državi članici v imenu delodajalca, ki tam običajno opravlja dejavnosti, in jo ta delodajalec napoti v drugo državo članico“ pomeni tudi osebo, ki se jo zaposli z namenom, da bo napotena v drugo državo članico, če za zadevno osebo takoj pred začetkom njene zaposlitve že velja zakonodaja države članice, v kateri ima njen delodajalec sedež.

2.  Za uporabo člena 12(1) osnovne uredbe se besede „ki tam običajno opravlja dejavnosti“ nanašajo na delodajalca, ki običajno opravlja znaten del dejavnosti, ne le notranjih upravljavskih dejavnosti, na ozemlju države članice, v kateri ima sedež, ob upoštevanju vseh meril za opredelitev dejavnosti, ki jih opravlja zadevno podjetje. Ta merila morajo ustrezati posebnim značilnostim vsakega delodajalca in resničnemu značaju dejavnosti, ki jih opravlja.

3.  Za uporabo člena 12(2) osnovne uredbe se besede „ki običajno opravlja dejavnost samozaposlene osebe“ nanašajo na osebo, ki navadno znaten del dejavnosti opravlja na ozemlju države članice, v kateri ima sedež. Nujno je zlasti, da je ta oseba opravljala svojo dejavnost že nekaj časa pred datumom, ko želi izkoristiti določbe navedenega člena, in da v dobi, ko v drugi državi članici začasno opravljala dejavnost, v državi članici, v kateri ima sedež, še naprej izpolnjuje zahteve za opravljanje svoje dejavnosti, da bo ob vrnitvi z njo lahko nadaljevala.

4.  Za namene uporabe člena 12(2) osnovne uredbe je merilo za ugotavljanje, ali je dejavnost, ki jo samozaposlena oseba namerava opravljati v drugi državi članici, „podobna“ običajno izvajani dejavnosti samozaposlene osebe, dejanski značaj dejavnosti in ne morebitna opredelitev te zaposlitvene ali dejavnosti samozaposlene osebe, ki bi jo določila druga država članica.

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5.  Za namene uporabe člena 13(1) osnovne uredbe oseba, ki „običajno opravlja dejavnost zaposlene osebe v dveh ali več državah članicah“, pomeni osebo, ki hkrati ali izmenično za isto podjetje ali delodajalca ali za različna podjetja ali delodajalce opravlja eno ali več ločenih dejavnosti v dveh ali več državah članicah.

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5a.  Za namene uporabe naslova II osnovne uredbe „statutarni sedež ali poslovna enota“ pomeni statutarni sedež ali poslovno enoto, kjer se sprejemajo ključne odločitve podjetja in kjer se opravljajo naloge njegove glavne uprave.

Za namene člena 13(1) osnovne uredbe za zaposlenega člana letalske posadke ali kabinskega osebja, ki običajno opravlja potniške ali tovorne storitve v zračnem prometu v dveh ali več državah članicah, velja zakonodaja države članice, v kateri je domača baza, kakor je opredeljena v Prilogi III k Uredbi Sveta (EGS) št. 3922/91 z dne 16. decembra 1991 o uskladitvi tehničnih predpisov in upravnih postopkov na področju civilnega letalstva ( 1 ).

5b.  Postranske dejavnosti se pri določitvi zakonodaje, ki se uporablja po členu 13 osnovne uredbe, ne upoštevajo. Za vse primere iz tega člena se uporablja člen 16 izvedbene uredbe.

▼B

6.  Za uporabo člena 13(2) osnovne uredbe „oseba, ki običajno opravlja dejavnost samozaposlene osebe v dveh ali več državah članicah“ pomeni zlasti osebo, ki hkrati ali izmenično opravlja eno ali več ločenih dejavnosti samozaposlene osebe v dveh ali več državah članicah, ne glede na značaj teh dejavnosti.

7.  Za razlikovanje med dejavnostmi iz odstavkov 5 in 6 od opisa iz člena 12(1) in (2) osnovne uredbe je odločilno trajanje dejavnosti v eni ali več drugih državah članicah (ali je dejavnost stalna ali ad hoc ali začasna). Za te namene se presodijo vsa ustrezna dejstva, v primeru zaposlenih oseb zlasti kraj dela, kot je opredeljen v pogodbi o zaposlitvi.

8.  Za namene uporabe člena 13(1) in (2) osnovne uredbe „znaten del zaposlitvene ali samozaposlitvene dejavnosti“, ki se izvaja v državi članici, pomeni, da se tam izvaja količinsko znaten del vseh dejavnosti zaposlene ali samozaposlene osebe, ki pa ni nujno glavni del teh dejavnosti.

Za določitev, ali se znaten del dejavnosti izvaja v državi članici, se upoštevajo naslednja okvirna merila:

(a) v primeru zaposlitvene dejavnosti delovni čas in/ali osebni prejemki, in

(b) v primeru samozaposlitvene dejavnosti: promet, delovni čas, število opravljenih storitev in/ali prihodki od dela.

Če je delež, ugotovljen med splošno presojo, nižji od 25 %, je to indikator, da se znaten del dejavnosti ne izvaja v zadevni državi članici.

9.  Za namene uporabe člena 13(2)(b) osnovne uredbe se „središče interesa“ dejavnosti samozaposlene osebe določi ob upoštevanju vseh elementov poklicne dejavnosti te osebe, zlasti kraja, v katerem je stalni sedež dejavnosti zadevne osebe, običajnega značaja ali trajanja izvajanih dejavnosti, števila opravljenih storitev in namena zadevne osebe, kot je razviden iz vseh okoliščin.

10.  Za določitev zakonodaje, ki se uporablja v skladu z odstavkoma 8 in 9, zadevni nosilci upoštevajo stanje, predvideno za naslednjih 12 koledarskih mesecev.

11.  Če zadevna oseba svojo zaposlitveno dejavnost opravlja v dveh ali več državah članicah v imenu delodajalca, ki ima sedež izven Unije, in če ta oseba stalno prebiva v državi članici, ne da bi tam opravljala znaten del dejavnosti, zanjo velja zakonodaja države članice stalnega prebivališča.

1. Pregled

,
Naslov Regulativa
Article 14 1.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(1) of the basic Regulation, a ‘person who pursues an activity as an employed person in a Member State on behalf of an employer which normally carries out its activities there and who is posted by that employer to another Member State’ shall include a person who is recruited with a view to being posted to another Member State, provided that, immediately before the start of his employment, the person concerned is already subject to the legislation of the Member State in which his employer is established.
Article 14 2.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(1) of the basic Regulation, the words ‘which normally carries out its activities there’ shall refer to an employer that ordinarily performs substantial activities, other than purely internal management activities, in the territory of the Member State in which it is established, taking account of all criteria characterising the activities carried out by the undertaking in question. The relevant criteria must be suited to the specific characteristics of each employer and the real nature of the activities carried out.
Article 14 3.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(2) of the basic Regulation, the words ‘who normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person’ shall refer to a person who habitually carries out substantial activities in the territory of the Member State in which he is established. In particular, that person must have already pursued his activity for some time before the date when he wishes to take advantage of the provisions of that Article and, during any period of temporary activity in another Member State, must continue to fulfil, in the Member State where he is established, the requirements for the pursuit of his activity in order to be able to pursue it on his return.
Article 14 4.
For the purposes of the application of Article 12(2) of the basic Regulation, the criterion for determining whether the activity that a self-employed person goes to pursue in another Member State is ‘similar’ to the self-employed activity normally pursued shall be that of the actual nature of the activity, rather than of the designation of employed or self-employed activity that may be given to this activity by the other Member State.
Article 14 5.
For the purposes of the application of Article 13(1) of the basic Regulation, a person who ‘normally pursues an activity as an employed person in two or more Member States’ shall refer to a person who simultaneously, or in alternation, for the same undertaking or employer or for various undertakings or employers, exercises one or more separate activities in two or more Member States.
Article 14 5a.
For the purposes of the application of Title II of the basic Regulation, ‘registered office or place of business’ shall refer to the registered office or place of business where the essential decisions of the undertaking are adopted and where the functions of its central administration are carried out.

For the purposes of Article 13(1) of the basic Regulation, an employed flight crew or cabin crew member normally pursuing air passenger or freight services in two or more Member States shall be subject to the legislation of the Member State where the home base, as defined in Annex III to Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 of 16 December 1991 on the harmonization of technical requirements and administrative procedures in the field of civil aviation ( 1 ), is located.

Article 14 5b.
Marginal activities shall be disregarded for the purposes of determining the applicable legislation under Article 13 of the basic Regulation. Article 16 of the implementing Regulation shall apply to all cases under this Article.
Article 14 6.
For the purposes of the application of Article 13(2) of the basic Regulation, a person who ‘normally pursues an activity as a self-employed person in two or more Member States’ shall refer, in particular, to a person who simultaneously or in alternation pursues one or more separate self-employed activities, irrespective of the nature of those activities, in two or more Member States.
Article 14 7.
For the purpose of distinguishing the activities under paragraphs 5 and 6 from the situations described in Article 12(1) and (2) of the basic Regulation, the duration of the activity in one or more other Member States (whether it is permanent or of an ad hoc or temporary nature) shall be decisive. For these purposes, an overall assessment shall be made of all the relevant facts including, in particular, in the case of an employed person, the place of work as defined in the employment contract.
Article 14 8.

For the purposes of the application of Article 13(1) and (2) of the basic Regulation, a ‘substantial part of employed or self-employed activity’ pursued in a Member State shall mean a quantitatively substantial part of all the activities of the employed or self-employed person pursued there, without this necessarily being the major part of those activities.

To determine whether a substantial part of the activities is pursued in a Member State, the following indicative criteria shall be taken into account:

(a) 

in the case of an employed activity, the working time and/or the remuneration; and

(b) 

in the case of a self-employed activity, the turnover, working time, number of services rendered and/or income.

In the framework of an overall assessment, a share of less than 25 % in respect of the criteria mentioned above shall be an indicator that a substantial part of the activities is not being pursued in the relevant Member State.

Article 14 9.
For the purposes of the application of Article 13(2)(b) of the basic Regulation, the ‘centre of interest’ of the activities of a self-employed person shall be determined by taking account of all the aspects of that person’s occupational activities, notably the place where the person’s fixed and permanent place of business is located, the habitual nature or the duration of the activities pursued, the number of services rendered, and the intention of the person concerned as revealed by all the circumstances.
Article 14 10.
For the determination of the applicable legislation under paragraphs 8 and 9, the institutions concerned shall take into account the situation projected for the following 12 calendar months.
Article 14 11.
If a person pursues his activity as an employed person in two or more Member States on behalf of an employer established outside the territory of the Union, and if this person resides in a Member State without pursuing substantial activity there, he shall be subject to the legislation of the Member State of residence.

1.1 Sklici

1.2 Ugotovljene zahteve

1.3 Povezani standardi

2. Ugotovljene zahteve

Zahteve
Vir Zahteva

3. Povezani standardi

Standardi
Vir Zahteva
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