3. Member States shall ensure that, when noise-related action is taken, the following combination of available measures is considered, with a view to determining the most cost-effective measure or combination of measures:
|
(a)
|
the foreseeable effect of a reduction of aircraft noise at source;
|
|
(b)
|
land-use planning and management;
|
|
(c)
|
noise abatement operational procedures;
|
|
(d)
|
not applying operating restrictions as a first resort, but only after consideration of the other measures of the Balanced Approach.
|
The available measures may if necessary include the withdrawal of marginally compliant aircraft. Member States, or airport managing bodies, as appropriate, may offer economic incentives to encourage aircraft operators to use less noisy aircraft during the transitional period referred to in point (4) of Article 2. Those economic incentives shall comply with the applicable rules on State aid.