+Physical Access Control
---+Physical Access Device Inventories

Physical Access Control

Description

Physical access control mechanisms exist to enforce physical access authorizations for all physical access points (including designated entry/exit points) to facilities (excluding those areas within the facility officially designated as publicly accessible).

Possible Solutions & Considerations

Micro-Small Business (<10 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 1-2

∙ Physical security policy
∙ Door locks and key management

Small Business (10-49 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 3-4

∙ Physical security policy
∙ Access log
∙ Visitor procedures

Medium Business (50-249 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 5-6

∙ Staffed lobby (receptionist)
∙ Physical security guards
∙ Verify individual access authorizations before granting access to the facility.
∙ Control entry to the facility containing the system using physical access devices and/or guards.
∙ Control access to areas officially designated as publicly accessible in accordance with the organization's assessment of risk.
∙ Secure keys, combinations and other physical access devices.

Large Business (250-999 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 7-8

∙ Staffed lobby (receptionist)
∙ Physical security guards
∙ Verify individual access authorizations before granting access to the facility.
∙ Control entry to the facility containing the system using physical access devices and/or guards.
∙ Control access to areas officially designated as publicly accessible in accordance with the organization's assessment of risk.
∙ Secure keys, combinations and other physical access devices.

Enterprise (> 1,000 staff) / BLS Firm Size Class 9

∙ Staffed lobby (receptionist)
∙ Physical security guards
∙ Verify individual access authorizations before granting access to the facility.
∙ Control entry to the facility containing the system using physical access devices and/or guards.
∙ Control access to areas officially designated as publicly accessible in accordance with the organization's assessment of risk.
∙ Secure keys, combinations and other physical access devices.

SCR-CMM

Level 0 Not Performed

Practices are non-existent, based on the inability to demonstrate an implemented and operational capability. A reasonable person would conclude the control is not being performed.

Level 1 Performed Informally

SCR-CMM Level 1 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude this control requires a structured process.
▪ At this level of maturity, the "ad hoc" nature of performing a capability informally would indicate the intent of the control is not met due to a lack of consistency and formality.

Level 2 Planned Tracked

Physical & Environmental Security (PES) capabilities are requirements-driven, but are not standardized across the entity (e.g., local/regional level consistency). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with PES domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with PES domain capabilities are documented and maintained by process owners.
▪ IT and/or cybersecurity personnel work with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with PES domain capabilities to address applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD).
▪ Physical security / facilities management-related controls are primarily administrative and preventative in nature (e.g., policies, standards and procedures & guidelines).
▪ Physical security / facilities management may be a defined function (e.g., team or department) or assigned as an additional duty to existing IT and/or cybersecurity personnel.
▪ Physical security controls and technologies primarily focus on protecting High Value Assets (HVAs), including environments where sensitive/regulated data is stored, transmitted and processed.
▪ Physical security controls and technologies ensure that only authorized personnel are allowed access to secure areas.
▪ A facilities maintenance team, or similar function, manages the operation of automated physical and environmental protection controls.
▪ Physical security controls and technologies are configured to enforce physical access authorizations for all physical access points (including designated entry/exit points) to facilities (excluding those areas within the facility officially designated as publicly accessible).

Level 3 Well Defined

Physical & Environmental Security (PES) capabilities are standardized across the entity for applicability to People, Processes, Technologies, Data and/or Facilities (PPTDF) to ensure consistency for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with PES domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with PES domain capabilities are well-documented and kept current by process owners.
▪ A facilities management team, or similar function, is appropriately staffed and supported to implement and maintain NET domain capabilities.
▪ Technology is leveraged to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of physical and environmental security operations (e.g., facility management solution, visitor log management automation and proximity badge access).
▪ The entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function, works with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with PES domain capabilities to address Minimum Compliance Requirements (MCR) (e.g., applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements) and Discretionary Security Requirements (DSR) (e.g., entity-required controls).
▪ An implemented and operational physical security capability exists to enforce physical access authorizations for all physical access points (including designated entry/exit points) to facilities (excluding those areas within the facility officially designated as publicly accessible).

Level 4 Quantitatively Controlled

Physical & Environmental Security (PES) capabilities, in addition to being standardized across the entity and centrally managed to ensure consistency across Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD), efforts are metrics driven to provide sufficient insight for decision makers to predict optimal performance, ensure continued operations and/or identify areas for improvement. Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Applicable SCR-CMM Level 3 (Well Defined) capabilities are implemented and operational.
▪ Metrics reporting includes quantitative analysis of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
▪ Metrics reporting includes quantitative analysis of Key Risk Indicators (KRIs).
▪ Scope of metrics, KPIs and KRIs covers organization-wide cybersecurity and data protection controls, including functions performed by third-parties.
▪ Organizational leadership maintains a formal process to objectively review and respond to metrics, KPIs and KRIs (e.g., monthly or quarterly review).
▪ Based on metrics analysis, process improvement recommendations are submitted for review and are handled in accordance with change control processes.
▪ Business and technical stakeholders are involved in reviewing and approving proposed changes to evolve capabilities.

Level 5 Continuously Improving

Utilize SCR-CMM Level 3 or Level 4 (if available) criteria definitions:
▪ There are no defined Level 5 criteria, since it is reasonable to assume a continuously-improving process is not necessary to operationalize this control.
▪ Level 5 capabilities should be considered “world-class” where the control builds on Level 4 capabilities, but are continuously improving through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and/or Machine Learning (ML) technologies.
▪ While it may be possible to develop responsive capabilities for this control through the use of AI and/or ML technologies, the criteria would be organization-specific to define.

1. Przegląd

Tytuł Norma
Physical Access Device Inventories

Description

Mechanisms exist to maintain an accurate inventory of all physical access devices (e.g., RFID cards, access fobs and door keys).

Possible Solutions & Considerations

Micro-Small Business (<10 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 1-2

∙ Key and badge log (spreadsheet) with holder name

Small Business (10-49 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 3-4

∙ Key/badge inventory with issuance and return records
∙ Periodic reconciliation of issued devices

Medium Business (50-249 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 5-6

∙ Physical access control system badge inventory
∙ Key management log or key cabinet (e.g., KeyWatcher)
∙ Annual reconciliation

Large Business (250-999 staff) / BLS Firm Size Classes 7-8

∙ PACS credential inventory reconciled with HR roster
∙ Electronic key management system (e.g., Traka, KeyWatcher)
∙ Quarterly reconciliation

Enterprise (> 1,000 staff) / BLS Firm Size Class 9

∙ Enterprise PACS credential lifecycle management
∙ Electronic key management with audit trail
∙ Automated reconciliation against identity system

SCR-CMM

Level 0 Not Performed

Practices are non-existent, based on the inability to demonstrate an implemented and operational capability. A reasonable person would conclude the control is not being performed.

Level 1 Performed Informally

Physical & Environmental Security (PES) domain capabilities are ad hoc and inconsistent. Capability criteria associated with this control may include:
▪ Policies, standards & procedures associated with PES domain capabilities provide limited coverage due to the depth and breadth of the existing documentation.
▪ Physical security-related activities are decentralized (e.g., a localized/regionalized function) and uses non-standardized methods to implement secure, resilient and compliant practices.
▪ Physical security controls are primarily administrative in nature (e.g., policies & standards), focusing on protecting High Value Assets (HVAs).
▪ IT and/or cybersecurity personnel implement appropriate physical security practices to protect the confidentiality, integrity, availability and safety of the organization's technology assets and data.

Level 2 Planned Tracked

SCR-CMM Level 2 criteria definitions are not available for this control:
▪ A reasonable person would conclude a well-defined and standardized process is required.
▪ At this level of maturity, the “requirements-driven” nature of performing the control is focused on a localized and/or regionalized implementation, not uniform and consistent across the organization.
▪ Requirements are narrowly scoped for applicability and are primarily derived from compliance obligations (e.g., laws, regulations and contracts).

Level 3 Well Defined

Physical & Environmental Security (PES) capabilities are standardized across the entity for applicability to People, Processes, Technologies, Data and/or Facilities (PPTDF) to ensure consistency for Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD). Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Policies and standards associated with PES domain capabilities are formally documented and centrally-managed by the entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function.
▪ Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) associated with PES domain capabilities are well-documented and kept current by process owners.
▪ A facilities management team, or similar function, is appropriately staffed and supported to implement and maintain NET domain capabilities.
▪ Technology is leveraged to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of physical and environmental security operations (e.g., facility management solution, visitor log management automation and proximity badge access).
▪ The entity's Governance, Risk & Compliance (GRC) team, or similar function, works with business stakeholders and process owners to appropriately scope and reasonably implement cybersecurity and data protection controls associated with PES domain capabilities to address Minimum Compliance Requirements (MCR) (e.g., applicable statutory, regulatory and/or contractual requirements) and Discretionary Security Requirements (DSR) (e.g., entity-required controls).
▪ An implemented and operational capability exists to maintain an accurate inventory of all physical access devices (e.g., RFID cards, access fobs and door keys).

Level 4 Quantitatively Controlled

Physical & Environmental Security (PES) capabilities, in addition to being standardized across the entity and centrally managed to ensure consistency across Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD), efforts are metrics driven to provide sufficient insight for decision makers to predict optimal performance, ensure continued operations and/or identify areas for improvement. Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Applicable SCR-CMM Level 3 (Well Defined) capabilities are implemented and operational.
▪ Metrics reporting includes quantitative analysis of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
▪ Metrics reporting includes quantitative analysis of Key Risk Indicators (KRIs).
▪ Scope of metrics, KPIs and KRIs covers organization-wide cybersecurity and data protection controls, including functions performed by third-parties.
▪ Organizational leadership maintains a formal process to objectively review and respond to metrics, KPIs and KRIs (e.g., monthly or quarterly review).
▪ Based on metrics analysis, process improvement recommendations are submitted for review and are handled in accordance with change control processes.
▪ Business and technical stakeholders are involved in reviewing and approving proposed changes to evolve capabilities.

Level 5 Continuously Improving

Physical & Environmental Security (PES) capabilities, in addition to being standardized across the entity and centrally managed to ensure consistency across Technology Assets, Applications, Services and/or Data (TAASD), efforts are metrics driven to provide sufficient insight for decision makers to predict optimal performance, ensure continued operations and/or identify areas for improvement. Capability criteria associated with this control reasonably expect the following criteria to exist:
▪ Applicable SCR-CMM Level 3 (Well Defined) capabilities are implemented and operational.
▪ Based on predictive analysis, process improvements are implemented according to “continuous improvement” practices that affect process changes.
▪ Stakeholders make time-sensitive decisions to support operational efficiency, which may include automated remediation actions via Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) technologies.

1.1 Odwołania

1.2 Zidentyfikowane wymagania

1.3 Powiązane regulacje

2. Zidentyfikowane wymagania

Wymagania
Źródło Wymaganie

3. Powiązane regulacje

Regulacje
Źródło Regulacja
EULAW Artykuł 21 Kontrola dostępu

Artykuł 21

Kontrola dostępu

W ramach przeprowadzanej przez siebie kontroli praw zarządzania dostępem podmioty finansowe opracowują, dokumentują i wdrażają politykę obejmującą wszystkie poniższe elementy:

a) 

przyznawanie praw dostępu do zasobów ICT zgodnie z zasadami wiedzy koniecznej, potrzeby koniecznej i minimalizacji uprawnień, w tym również w kontekście dostępu zdalnego i dostępu awaryjnego;

b) 

podział obowiązków w taki sposób, aby zapobiegać nieuprawnionemu dostępowi do danych krytycznych lub przeciwdziałać przyznawaniu praw dostępu, których połączenie może umożliwiać obchodzenie kontroli;

c) 

uregulowanie kwestii rozliczalności użytkowników poprzez jak największe ograniczenie możliwości korzystania z generycznych i współdzielonych kont użytkownika oraz umożliwienie każdorazowego przyporządkowania działań podejmowanych w systemach ICT do konkretnych użytkowników;

d) 

uregulowanie kwestii ograniczeń dostępu do zasobów ICT oraz ustanowienie kontroli i narzędzi służących zapobieganiu nieuprawnionemu dostępowi;

e) 

procedury zarządzania kontem umożliwiające udzielanie, zmianę lub cofanie praw dostępu do kont użytkownika i kont generycznych, uwzględniając generyczne konta administratora, a także regulujące wszystkie poniższe kwestie:

(i) 

podział ról i obowiązków w zakresie przyznawania, przeglądu i cofania praw dostępu;

(ii) 

udzielanie dostępu uprzywilejowanego, dostępu awaryjnego i dostępu administratora do wszystkich systemów ICT na zasadzie potrzeby koniecznej lub na zasadzie ad hoc;

(iii) 

niezwłoczne cofanie praw dostępu po rozwiązaniu stosunku pracy lub po ustaniu okoliczności uzasadniających przyznanie dostępu;

(iv) 

aktualizowanie praw dostępu w przypadku konieczności wprowadzenia zmian i przynajmniej raz do roku w odniesieniu do wszystkich systemów ICT niebędących systemami ICT obsługującymi krytyczne lub istotne funkcje, a w odniesieniu do systemów ICT wspierających krytyczne lub istotne funkcje – przynajmniej raz na 6 miesięcy;

f) 

metody uwierzytelniania, w tym wszystkie poniższe elementy:

(i) 

stosowanie metod uwierzytelniania współmiernych do klasyfikacji ustanowionej zgodnie z art. 8 ust. 1 rozporządzenia (UE) 2022/2554 i do ogólnego profilu ryzyka zasobów ICT, przy należytym uwzględnieniu wiodących praktyk branżowych;

(ii) 

stosowanie solidnych metod uwierzytelniania zgodnie z wiodącymi praktykami i technikami branżowymi w zakresie zdalnego dostępu do sieci podmiotu finansowego, dostępu uprzywilejowanego, a także dostępu do zasobów ICT wspierających krytyczne lub istotne funkcje bądź publicznie dostępnych zasobów ICT;

g) 

środki kontroli dostępu fizycznego, w tym:

(i) 

identyfikowanie i rejestrowanie osób fizycznych uprawnionych do uzyskania dostępu do wskazanych przez podmiot finansowy obiektów, ośrodków przetwarzania danych i wyznaczonych obszarów wrażliwych, gdzie znajdują się zasoby ICT i zasoby informacyjne;

(ii) 

przyznawanie praw dostępu fizycznego do krytycznych zasobów ICT wyłącznie upoważnionym osobom, zgodnie z zasadami wiedzy koniecznej i minimalizacji uprawnień i na zasadzie ad hoc;

(iii) 

monitorowanie dostępu fizycznego do wskazanych przez podmiot finansowy obiektów, ośrodków przetwarzania danych i wyznaczonych obszarów wrażliwych, gdzie znajdują się zasoby ICT albo zasoby informacyjne, bądź zarówno zasoby ICT, jak i zasoby informacyjne;

(iv) 

dokonywanie przeglądu praw dostępu fizycznego, aby zapewnić niezwłoczne cofanie zbędnych praw dostępu.

Do celów lit. e) pkt (i) podmioty finansowe określają okres zatrzymywania, uwzględniając cele biznesowe i cele w zakresie bezpieczeństwa informacji, powody zarejestrowania zdarzenia w rejestrach oraz wyniki oceny ryzyka związanego z ICT.

Do celów lit. e) pkt (ii) podmioty finansowe korzystają w miarę możliwości ze specjalnych kont do wykonywania zadań administracyjnych w ramach systemów ICT. W miarę możliwości i w stosownych przypadkach podmioty finansowe wprowadzają zautomatyzowane rozwiązania na potrzeby procesu zarządzania dostępem uprzywilejowanym.

Do celów lit. g) pkt (i) działania w zakresie identyfikowania i rejestrowania muszą być współmierne do znaczenia obiektów, ośrodków przetwarzania danych i wyznaczonych obszarów wrażliwych oraz do krytyczności prowadzonych w nich operacji lub znajdujących się w nich systemów ICT.

Do celów lit. g) pkt (iii) monitorowanie musi być współmierne do klasyfikacji ustanowionej zgodnie z art. 8 ust. 1 rozporządzenia (UE) 2022/2554 i krytyczności obszaru, do którego uzyskuje się dostęp.

EULAW Artykuł 32 Bezpieczeństwo fizyczne i środowiskowe
-
EULAW Artykuł 33 Kontrola dostępu

Artykuł 33

Kontrola dostępu

Podmioty finansowe, o których mowa w art. 16 ust. 1 rozporządzenia (UE) 2022/2554, opracowują, dokumentują i wdrażają procedury kontroli logicznego i fizycznego dostępu oraz egzekwują stosowanie tych procedur, monitorują je i okresowo dokonują ich przeglądu. Procedury te zawierają następujące elementy kontroli logicznego i fizycznego dostępu:

a) 

prawa dostępu do zasobów informacyjnych, zasobów ICT i wspieranych przez nie funkcji, a także do miejsc prowadzenia działalności podmiotu finansowego o znaczeniu krytycznym, zgodnie z zasadami wiedzy koniecznej, potrzeby koniecznej i minimalizacji uprawnień, w tym również w kontekście dostępu zdalnego i dostępu awaryjnego;

b) 

rozliczalność użytkowników, która zapewnia możliwość identyfikacji użytkowników w odniesieniu do działań prowadzonych w systemach ICT;

c) 

procedury zarządzania kontem umożliwiające udzielanie, zmianę lub cofanie praw dostępu do kont użytkownika i kont generycznych, uwzględniając generyczne konta administratora;

d) 

metody uwierzytelniania współmierne do klasyfikacji, o której mowa w art. 30 ust. 1, oraz do ogólnego profilu ryzyka zasobów ICT, opartych na wiodących praktykach;

e) 

prawa dostępu są okresowo weryfikowane i cofane, gdy nie są już potrzebne.

Do celów lit. c) podmiot finansowy udziela dostępu uprzywilejowanego, dostępu awaryjnego i dostępu administratora do wszystkich systemów ICT na zasadzie potrzeby koniecznej lub na zasadzie ad hoc; dostęp ten rejestruje się zgodnie z art. 34 akapit pierwszy lit. f).

Do celów lit. d) podmioty finansowe stosują solidne metody uwierzytelniania oparte na wiodących praktykach w zakresie zdalnego dostępu do sieci podmiotów finansowych, dostępu uprzywilejowanego, a także dostępu do zasobów ICT wspierających krytyczne lub istotne funkcje, które są publicznie dostępne.

Powiązane zgłoszenia

Powiązania
Typ powiązania Zgłoszenie
is related to Annual
is related to relative Control Weighting = 07
is related to Facility
is related to Protect
is related to SCRM Focus Tier 2 OPERATIONAL
blocks Loss, Theft or Damage of Assets
blocks Unauthorized Retention / Inability to Dispose of Data
blocks Business / Service Interruption
blocks Reduced Operational Productivity
blocks System / Data Compromise (Technical Vector)
blocks System / Data Compromise (Non-Technical Vector)
blocks Revenue Loss
blocks Contractual Default / Termination
blocks Loss of Competitive Advantage
blocks Reputational Harm / Loss of Stakeholder Trust
blocks Regulatory / Legal / Contractual Financial Liability
blocks System / Service Compromise
blocks Failure to Support Business / Mission Objectives
blocks Unaddressed Security / Compliance Exposure
blocks Uncontrolled Internal Security / Privacy Exposure
blocks Uncontrolled Third-Party Security / Privacy Exposure
blocks Incident Response / Recovery Cost
blocks Undetected / Delayed Detection of Adverse Activity
is related to relative Control Weighting = 10
is related to SCRM Focus Tier 3 TACTICAL
blocks Loss of Accountability / Attribution
blocks Excessive or Unauthorized Privilege
blocks Unauthorized Privilege Elevation
blocks Unauthorized Access
blocks Unauthorized Modification / Loss of System Integrity
blocks Fraud / Theft / Direct Financial Loss
blocks Loss of Confidentiality
blocks Loss of Data / Service Availability
blocks Injury / Loss of Life
blocks Physical / Environmental Damage
blocks Drought & Water Shortage
blocks Earthquakes
blocks Fire & Wildfires
blocks Floods
blocks Hurricanes & Tropical Storms
blocks Landslides & Debris Flow
blocks Pandemic (Disease) Outbreaks
blocks Severe Weather
blocks Space Weather
blocks Thunderstorms & Lightning
blocks Tornadoes
blocks Tsunamis
blocks Volcanoes
blocks Winter Storms & Extreme Cold
blocks Civil or Political Unrest
blocks Malicious Cyber Activity
blocks Hazardous Materials Emergencies
blocks Nuclear, Biological and Chemical (NBC) Weapons
blocks Physical Crime
blocks Terrorism & Armed Attacks
blocks Utility Service Disruption
blocks Dysfunctional Management Practices
blocks Human Error
blocks Technical / Mechanical Failure
blocks Fraud, Corruption and/or Intentional Criminal Conduct
blocks Conflict of Interest (COI) / Undue Influence / Insider Misconduct
blocks Counterfeit / Non-Conforming Products
blocks Hazardous / Degraded Operational Environment
blocks Product Defect / Design Failure
blocks Workforce Shortage / Loss of Critical Skills / Labor Disruption
blocks Infrastructure Failure / Degradation
blocks PS-01.03B
blocks PS-03.02B
blocks PS-03.01AC
blocks PS-04.01B
blocks PS-04.03B
blocks PS-08.01B
is blocked by PES-08 Physical Access Control – Assessment Procedure
blocks PE-03 Physical Access Control
blocks PE-03(02) Facility and Systems
blocks PE-03(03) Continuous Guards
blocks PE-03 [L] Physical Access Control
blocks PE-03 [M] Physical Access Control
blocks PE-03 [H] Physical Access Control
blocks 03.04.05 Access Restrictions for Change
blocks 03.10.02 Monitoring Physical Access
blocks 03.10.07 Physical Access Control
blocks PR.AA Identity Management, Authentication, and Access Control
blocks PR.AA-06 Physical access to assets is managed, monitored, and enforced commensurate with risk
blocks DE.CM-02 The physical environment is monitored to find potentially adverse events
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